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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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purpose of screening
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- to determine if client is at risk
- to refer on - for early intervention |
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screening characteristics
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- quick/easy
- inexpensive - comfortable - accurate (sensitivity/specificity) |
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sensitivity
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correct identification of HL presence (no false negatives)
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specificity
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correct identification of HL absence (no false positives)
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screening instruction procedure
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- discuss purpose
- headphones - tones (quiet, varying pitches) - test one ear, then the other - response required - any questions |
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disorder
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- anatomic abnormality (may or may not show HL)
- e.g. perforated eardrum, anotia |
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impairment
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- anatomic/physiologic abnormality (will show HL)
- commonly tested in schools - e.g. sensorineural/conductive HL |
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disability
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- HL causes inability to perform a function
- commonly tested in elderly population |
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handicap
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- psychological impact of HL on individual
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SRT
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- speech reception threshold
- level at which speech sounds can be heard - uses 10 familiarized spondaic words - smaller range of frequency than PT threshold - gives speech information and allows for comparison with PT threshold - corresponds with PTA |
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word discrimination
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- uses 50 or fewer phonetically balanced, monosyllabic, non-familiarized words
- carrier phrase used to present words ("say the word...") - monitored live voice - must be repeated exactly as presented, in order to be considered correct - considered a supra-threshold test, presented at a specified dB level (SL SRT or HL) - can be used to examine retro-cochlear dysfunction using PI-PB function |
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retro-cochlear examination with WD
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- displays WD results at various dB levels
- rollover (drop in function) of >30% may indicate recruitment (damage to hair cells that results in abnormal growth of loudness) |
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SRT testing procedure
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- familiarize client with word list
- direct client to repeat words back - inform client of purpose (to find quietest dB HL words can be heard) - inform client guessing is allowed - ask for questions |
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WD testing procedure
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- inform client of test length (25-50 words)
- explain that words will be single syllable and at a comfortable listening level/at this level - instruct client to ignore noise in opposite ear - discuss purpose (to determine auditory comprehension at conversational level) - ask for questions |
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acoustic immittance battery
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- tympanometry (volume and compliance)
- acoustic reflex |
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tympanometry
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- can be done by SLPs
- commonly done in schools - verbiage: "I'm going to hold this [probe] up to your ear." - outer ear canal volume measured (in ml) via PVT - compliance testing of TM |
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PVT
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- physical volume test aka volume
- can be used to detect abnormalities - used in conjunction with compliance testing |
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compliance testing
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- used to detect ear pressure abnormalities
- probe emits tone (226 Hz) and causes pressure change (da-Pa) - admittance and susceptance |
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tymp compliance types
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- A: pressure near 0 with normal curve width, normal
- AD: high peak height (high compliance), ossicular discontinuity or TM thinning - AS: low peak height (low compliance), middle ear effusion, ossicular fixation decreasing TM mobility - B: flat (low compliance), no movement of ear drum, nv: middle ear effusion, sclerosis, lv: occlusion, hv: TM perf or PE tube - C: high negative air pressure in middle ear, ET dysfunction, upper respiratory infection, swollen adenoids |
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normal volume
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- 1.0 ml for adults
- 0.5 ml for children |
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small volume
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- physical abnormalities (stenosis)
- occlusion (cerumen/foreign objects/non-patent PE tube) - swelling - results in type B tympanogram (full occlusion) or any type (partial or no occlusion) |
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large volume
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- physical abnormalities
- TM perf (3.0+ ml) - patent PE tubes - typically results in type B tymp, or type A with pinhole perf |
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acoustic reflex
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- not performed by SLPs
- tests contraction of middle ear muscles (tensor tympani and stapedius) - can be use as retro-cochlear test - can be used to detect malingering - both ipsalateral and contralateral |
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acoustic reflex frequency levels
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- threshold: 500, 1k, 2k Hz
- decay: 500 and 1k Hz |
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audiogram orientation procedure
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- explain purpose (to find most quiet level of sound to which the client responds)
- explain what audiogram is (graph representing hearing abilities) - explain each axis (pitch and loudness, low to high) - show normal hearing range and range of HL - explain symbols and meaning on audiogram, go into detail prn (right/left, severity, type) - separate air and bone by describing test procedure (headphones for AC, behind ear for BC) - explain difference between conductive and SN HL if relevent |
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SDT/SAT
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- speech detection/awareness threshold
- tests lower level auditory skill (ability to hear speech without necessarily understanding it) - used if client does not respond to SRT - use of simple and familiar words (e.g. client's name) or various sounds (e.g. animal noises) - pass if client demonstrates any type of awareness |
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aided hearing tests
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- use speakers instead of headphones to avoid feedback
- indicated by "A" on audiogram - auditory only (face away) vs. auditory and visual (face on) |
