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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT IS AN ATTITUDE |
An attitude is an evaluation a person makes about a person, group, event or issue. |
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THE TRI-COMPONENT MODEL |
Proposes that any attitude has three related components. The affective, the behavioural and the cognitive. |
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THE AFFECTIVE COMPONENT |
Proposes that an attitude refers to the emotional response or reactions an individual has towards, the object, person or group. Eg: I love, I hate. |
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THE BEHAVIOURAL COMPONENT |
Refers to the way in which an attitude is expressed through our actions, or how we might behave have an opportunity arise. |
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THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT |
Refers to the beliefs we have about an object, person or thing. Our beliefs are linked to what we know about in the world and they develop as a result of our experiences throughout the course of our lives. |
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LIMITATIONS TO THE TRI-COMPONENT MODEL |
- There appears to be an inconsistency between a person's attitude and their actual behaviour. Therefore their behaviour is not necessarily correct. - |
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COGNITIVE DISSOCANCE |
If we are unaware of inconsistencies within our attitude, or if the way we actually behave is different to our attitude then we experience psychological distress or discomfort. |
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STRENGTH OF AN ATTITUDE |
A strong attitude is an attitude that is usually thought about, well-known and easily accessible.The stronger the attitude the more likely it will be stable and consistent over time, be resistant to change and influence behaviour. |
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ACCESSIBILTY OF THE ATTITUDE |
Attitudes and behaviour are more likely to be consistent when the attitude is accessible to the individual.An accessible attitude is one that easily comes to mind, is well known and stored in the memory ready for use. |
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SOCIAL CONTEXT OF THE ATTITUDE |
proposes that whether an attitude leads to actual behaviour may be dependent on the social context or specific situation in which a individual find them-self. |
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PERCIEVED CONTROL OVER THE BEHAVIOUR |
Attitudes and behaviour are more likely to match when people perceive they have control over the behaviour that may be triggered by their attitude. |
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STEREOTYPING |
The "process" of grouping, or fitting people into a category based on what we know about them. |
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A STEREOTYPE |
defined as a collection of beliefs that we have about people that belong to a certain group, regardless of individual differences among members of that group. |
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PREJUDICE |
Can often be defined as holding a negative attitude towards member's of a group, solely based on the membership of that group. |
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DISCRIMINATION |
refers to positive or negative behaviour that is directed towards a social group and its members. |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PREJUDICE- IN GROUPS AND OUTGROUPS |
An in group is any group you belong to, or identify with. For example, your friendship group or you junior football team. |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PREJUDICE- |
Intergroup conflict occurs when members of different GROUPS compete to achieve or control something that is wanted by the members of each group. |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PREJUDICE- ATTRIBUTIONS |
process by which individuals explain the causes of behaviour and events. |
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INTERGROUP CONFLICT- |
Increasing group contact with two groups who are prejudiced against one another will only be successful in improving their opinions under certain conditions. |
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MEASUREMENT OF ATTITUDES |
- watching and describing behaviour as it occurs. - indirect measure (assuming their attitude) - ADV: flexible research procedure |
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MEASUREMENT OF ATTITUDE SELF-REPORT METHOD |
- Written or spoken answers to questions or statements presented by the researcher. - subjective data - ADV: easy to complete and can be given to a large population or group. - DIS: people may lie or exaggerate in order to create a better impression of themselves. - questionaries, surveys. |
