Astro

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Listed several arguments for a spherical earth

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Aristotle of 384 322 BC

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Perceive the earth's dimension

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Ships disappear hull first one day sail over the horizon

Earth cast of round shadow on the moon during a lunar eclipse

Different constellations are visible at different latitudes

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Were probably used as calendars or even to predict eclipses

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Monuments

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Constructed 3000 to 1800 bc in great britain

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Stonehenge

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624 bc to 544 bc

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Thales

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Areas of interested included geometry and astronomy

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Thales

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569 to 475 bc

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Pythagoras

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Founded secret society based on his mathematical discoveries and their religious implications

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Pythagoras

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427 to 347 bc

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Plato

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Well known for political and social philosophy but he also made contributions to astronomy

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Plato

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He was most noted for his belief in the perfect and unchanging nature of the heavens

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Plato

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384 to 322 bc

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aristotle

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Founded his own school called the lyceum in athens

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Aristotle

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He did not believe that empirical evidence was necessary to prove ideas

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Aristotle

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First to attempt to create the model of the universe

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Aristotle

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325 to 265

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Euclid

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Whether he was an actual person or a group of mathematicians

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Euclid

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310 to 230

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Aristarchus

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Most noted for proposing the idea of a heliocentric universe with the earth as one of the planets moving around the sun

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Aristarchus

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The first to attempt to measure the relative distance between the earth moon and the earth sun with the aid of trigonometry

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Aristarchus

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276 to 194 bc

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Eratosthenes

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Librarian at the great library of alexandria in Egypt

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Eratosthenes

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Develop a calendar with the leap year

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eratosthenes

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Achieve an accuracy of about 90% of the actual number

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Eratosthenes

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Measure the circumference of the earth in 325 bc

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Eratosthenes

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190 to 120 bc

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Hipparchus

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Is the one of the first of the ancient philosophers to realized that ideas must be proven with empirical evidence

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Hipparchus

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Highly accurate star atlases in an attempt to measure the length of the year more accurately

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Hipparchus

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Discovered precession by examining ancient star position data and comparing them to his own measurements

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Hipparchus

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He is able to place arranged on the distance to the moon

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Hipparchus

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Estimated to be between 59 67 earth diameter

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Hipparchus

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85 to 165 ad

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Ptolemy

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Accused of stealing ideas without crediting his source

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Ptolemy

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Great proponent of the geocentric model

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Ptolemy

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Employed an old idea of epicycle to explain help explain the discrepancies in the evidence for geocentrism

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Ptolemy

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Earth's circumference

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3963 miles

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Polar radius

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3950 miles

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Equatorial diameter

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24 901 miles

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Pole to pole diameter

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24 860 miles

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Shape

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Oblate spheroid

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Density

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5.513g/cm3

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Mass

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6.6 sextillion tons

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Average distance from the sun

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93 million miles (150 million km) 1 au

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Are stars or other celestial objects so distant from earth that its position in relation to other stars appears not to change over time

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Fixed stars

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Wandering stars

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Asteres planetai

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Thinks that earth is a sphere. Assume that circles and spheres were perfect forms and toss proposed that earth should be a sphere.

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Pythagoras

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310 to 230 bce

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Aristarchus of samos

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Suggested that earth was moving around the sun but aristotle and most of the asian greeks colors are injected is idea

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Aristarchus of samos

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470 c to 385 bce

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Philolaus of croton

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Rejected this model and propose a pyrocentric view in which the earth and all other planets revolve around a central fire.

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Philolaus of croton

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190 to 120 BCE

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Hipparchus of nicaea

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Proposed the Earth-centered model and continued in use until it was challenged by the work of nicolaus copernicus

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Hipparchus of nicaea

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1473 - 1543

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Nicolaus copernicus

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Heliocentric model was not widely accepted until it was mathematical a proven by newton

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Nicolaus copernicus

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276-194 bce

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Eratosthenes

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Is the compilation of astronomical knowledge written by claudius ptolemy

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Almagest

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Almost known for his complicated model of cosmological system

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Claudius ptolemy

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Also known as apotelesmatiká in greek

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Tetrabiblos or four books

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Tetrabiblos in latin

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Quadripartitum

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Effects on the philosophy and practice of astrology

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Tetrabiblos