Assessment Ch.10

Front 1

the skin and the accessory structures- hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

Back 1

Integumentary system

Front 2

Skin and related structures are considered a. . . .

Back 2

body organ

Front 3

primary function of skin

Back 3

protection

Front 4

functions of skin

Back 4

production of vitamin D; excretion of sweat, urea, and lactic acid; expression of emotion; repair of its own surface wonds

Front 5

Three layers of skin:

Back 5

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

Front 6

thin, outermost layer of skin and composed of stratified squamous epithelium

Back 6

epidermis

Front 7

avascular

Back 7

it has no direct blood supply

Front 8

stratum germinativum

Back 8

-deepest aspect of epidermis and close to blood supply

Front 9

Active cell generation takes place where in the epidermis?

Back 9

the stratum germinativum

Front 10

outermost layer of the epidermis

Back 10

stratum corneum

Front 11

function of stratum corneum?

Back 11

protective barrier and regulates water loss

Front 12

the process of cell regeneration takes how long?

Back 12

30 days

Front 13

Hair and nails are composed mainly of?

Back 13

keratin

Front 14

Where are melanocytes located and its function?

Back 14

-in the basal cell layer of the epidermis
-secrete melanin (pigment for skin)

Front 15

the layer of skin that is made up of highly vascular connective tissue?

Back 15

Dermis

Front 16

Function of the Dermis

Back 16

-regulation of body temp and BP
-dermal blood nourishes epidermis
-dermal connective tissue provides support for outer layer

Front 17

this layer is not actually skin tissue

Back 17

subcutaneous layer

Front 18

Function of the hypodermis layer

Back 18

-support structure for the dermis and epidermis
-retain heat, provide protective cushion, and provide calories

Front 19

Hair is formed from. . .

Back 19

epidermal cells in the dermis

Front 20

nails are made up of. . .

Back 20

epidermal cells

Front 21

defn of paronychium

Back 21

skin tissue adjacent to the nail

Front 22

which sweat gland is the most widespread on the body?

Back 22

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 23

Which sweat gland is found in its greatest numbers on the palms of hands, soles of feet, and forehead?

Back 23

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 24

Where are the Apocrine sweat glands found?

Back 24

axillae, nipples, areolae, anogenital area, eyelids, and external ears

Front 25

Decomposition of what sweat produces body odor?

Back 25

apocrine

Front 26

this gland secretes a lipid-rich substance which keeps the skin and hair from drying out

Back 26

Sebaceous glands

Front 27

What gland has the greatest distribution on the face and scalp?

Back 27

Sebaceous glands

Front 28

What gland secretion is stimulated by sex hormone activity?

Back 28

Sebum secretion

Front 29

What nationalities of people have fewer apocrine glands causing them to perspire less and produce less BO?

Back 29

-Native Americans
-Alaskan Natives
-Pacific Islanders
-Asian Americans

Front 30

What is the most commonly reported symptom of skin disease?

Back 30

Pruritis

Front 31

cyanosis
(in light skin)

Back 31

Grayish blue tone, especially in nail beds, earlobes, lips, mucous membranes, palms, and soles of feet

Front 32

cyanosis
(in dark skin)

Back 32

Ashen-gray color most easily seen in the conjunctiva of the eye, oral mucous membranes, and nail beds

Front 33

Ecchymosis (bruise)

Back 33

Dark red, purple, yellow, or green color, depending on age of bruise

Front 34

Erythema

Back 34

-Reddish tone in light skin
-deeper brown or purple in dark skin
-increased temp secondary to inflammation

Front 35

Jaundice

Back 35

yellowish color of skin, sclera of eyes, fingernails, palms of hands, and oral mucosa

Front 36

Pallor

Back 36

Pale skin color that may appear while in light skin people and maybe a ashen gray in dark skinned people

Front 37

Petechiae

Back 37

Lesions appear as small, reddish purple pinpoints
-may be difficult to see on dark skinned people

Front 38

Rash

Back 38

may be visualized as well as felt with light palpation

Front 39

Scar

Back 39

Narrow scar line; frequently has keloid development, resulting in a thickened, raised scar

Front 40

Pigmented nevi
(moles)

Back 40

-most adults have 10-40
-most common above the waist on sun-exposed body surfaces
-typically less than 5mm in size

Front 41

Freckles

Back 41

-most common locations are on face, arms, and back
-small, flat, hyperpigmented macules

Front 42

Patch

Back 42

-an area of darker skin pigmentation
-birthmarks

Front 43

striae

Back 43

silver or pink "stretch marks" secondary to weight gain or pregnancy

Front 44

Vitiligo

Back 44

-acquired condition
-associated with development of unpigmented patch or patches
-more common in dark-skinned races

Front 45

an increase in thickness of skin is most commonly seen in what sort of patient?

Back 45

Diabetic

Front 46

Excessively thin skin may be seen in patients with what condition?

Back 46

hyperthyroidism

Front 47

Hirsutism

Back 47

hair growth in women with an increase of hair on the face, body, and pubic area

Front 48

koilonychia

Back 48

-spoon nail
-a thin, depressed nail with lateral edges turned upward

Front 49

leukonyhia

Back 49

appears as white spots on the nail plate

Front 50

clubbing is present in what sort of people?

Back 50

long-term smokers

Front 51

What lesion characteristics need to be documented during examination?

Back 51

-location
-distribution
-color
-pattern
-edges
-size
characteristics

Front 52

Thinning or brittleness of the nail may be secondary to what?

Back 52

-poor peripheral circulation
-inadequate nutrition

Front 53

Pitting of the nail is commonly associated with what disorder?

Back 53

Psoriasis

Front 54

Examples of Papule?

Back 54

-Wart (verruca)
-elevated moles
-lichen planus
-skin tag

Front 55

Examples of Patch?

Back 55

Vitiligo
port wine stains
mongolian spots
cafe-au-lait spots

Front 56

Plaque

Back 56

Psoriasis
Eczema

Front 57

Wheal

Back 57

insect bites
urticaria
allergic reaction
lupus erythematosus

Front 58

Nodule

Back 58

lipomas
melanoma
hemangioma
neurofibroma

Front 59

Tumor

Back 59

neoplasms
lipoma
hemangoima

Front 60

vesicle

Back 60

vericella (chickenpox)
herpes zoster (shingles)
impetigo
acute eczma

Front 61

bulla

Back 61

blister
pempigus vulgaris
lupus erythematosus
impetigo

Front 62

pustule

Back 62

imjpetigo
acne
folliculitis
herpes simplex

Front 63

cyst

Back 63

sebaceous cyst
cystic acne

Front 64

Fissure

Back 64

athletes foot
cracks at corner of mouth
eczema

Front 65

Stasis Dermatitis

Back 65

Inflammation of the skin on lower legs
Most commonly seen in older adults
May be caused by chronic edema or poor peripheral circulation

Front 66

What is the most common form os skin cancer

Back 66

Basal Cell Carcinoma