Articulation And Phonology

Front 1

experimental phonetics

Back 1

study of speech soudnd production to analyze physiological mvts and acoustic properties with the help of lab instruments

Front 2

articulatory phonetics

Back 2

concentrates on how a speaker of a language produces speech sounds; the vocal tract and related anatomic structures are studied extensively to describe how the physiological systems work to produce speech sounds

Front 3

acoustic phonetics

Back 3

study of the properties of the sound waves as they travel from the vocal tract of the speaker to ear of listener

Front 4

perceptual phonetics

Back 4

perception of sounds by listener is studied

Front 5

clinical or applied phonetics

Back 5

practical application of knowledge derived from all of the above forms of phonetics

Front 6

phone

Back 6

generic term for any sound that can be produced by the vocal tract; may or may not be a speech sound

Front 7

phoneme

Back 7

family of phones or sounds perceived to belong to the same category by the listener

Front 8

morpheme

Back 8

the smallest unit of language carrying semantic interpretation

Front 9

minimal pairs

Back 9

morphemes that are similar except for one phoneme

Front 10

allophone

Back 10

variant or alternate form of phoneme of a language; member of a phoneme family

Front 11

phonetic transcription

Back 11

sounds that are produced by an individual are transcribed and placed in brackets

Front 12

diacritical markers

Back 12

special symbols that depict the artic. or perceptual features of a sound

Front 13

phonemic transcription

Back 13

variations of actual phoneme production is not depicted

Front 14

monophthongs

Back 14

pure vowels

Front 15

diphthongs

Back 15

made by quick gliding of two simple vowels so they cannot be easily separated

Front 16

consonant syllables

Back 16

a few consonants can take on a syllabic nature, meaning they can form the nucleus of a syllable

Front 17

coarticulation

Back 17

refers to influence that sounds have on one another when linked together to make words, phrases, sentences

Front 18

phonetic adapations or allophones

Back 18

articulatory mvt variations and changes in the configuration of the vocal tract in the production of a sound according to the sounds that precede or follow it

Front 19

assimilation

Back 19

the affected sound may take on some audible characteristics of the sound affecting the change

Front 20

sound inventory of American English

Back 20

24 consonants
14 vowels
6 diphthongs

Front 21

phonotactics or allowable combinations of these sounds

Back 21

refer to the rules for combining sounds (not equiv across languages)

Front 22

unstressed syllable deletion

Back 22

omission of one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word

Front 23

reduplication

Back 23

total or partial repetition of a syllable of a target word, resulting in the creation of a multisyllablic word

Front 24

diminutization

Back 24

addition of /i/

Front 25

epenthesis

Back 25

insertion of unstressed vowel inserted between two adjacent consonants

Front 26

cluster reduction

Back 26

deletion or substitution of some or all members of a cluster

Front 27

cluster substitution

Back 27

replacement of one or all members by another sound, mostly affects clusters that contain liquids

Front 28

vocalization

Back 28

substituion of a vowel for a syllabic liquid

Front 29

labial assimilation

Back 29

non-labial consonant becomes a labial because of the influence of another labial sound in the word

Front 30

velar assimilation

Back 30

non-velar sound is changed to velar sound because of influence of another velar sound

Front 31

prevocalic voicing

Back 31

voiceless sound preceding a vowel becomes voiced

Front 32

articulation

Back 32

motor production of sounds that can be seen, heard and produced

Front 33

phonology

Back 33

broader term, defined as the system of rules underlying the sound production and combination in words