Art History/111G/exam 2/roman

Front 1

Apollo from Veii

Back 1

- 500 BC Etruscan
- On top of a temple
- made from Terra Cotta
- He's clothed and moving
- "glued on" Archaic Smile
- Broad features, big eyes

Front 2

Reclining Couple

Back 2

- 500 BC Roman Republic
- Cremated the bodies
- Surprising, "alive", alert eyes and warm smiles
- Sitting up, Spontaneous, gesturing like we interrupted them
- Painted in bri
- Archaic smile and almond eyes
- Tombs were complicated

Front 3

Pont Du Gard (Roman Arch System)

Back 3

- 1st century BC, Roman
- Architecture was the most important thing Romans got from the Etruscans
- (no post and lintel) another design - Arches
- Thrust is straight down, stack a bunch of arches together to get the barrel vault (or tunnel)

Front 4

Barrel Vault

Back 4

- 2 Barrel Vaults @ right angle, the center is open, less material, less cost, more light, more open space and can go in different directions

Front 5

Groin Vault

Back 5

- Like tinker toys
- Gives you a long aisle that is open on the sides

Front 6

Porta Augusta

Back 6

- 3rd - 2nd Century BC, Etruscan Monumental Architecture
- Tunnel-like passage way between 2 huge towers
- Significant for the Roman use of Arches, semicircular barrel vault over the passageway.

Front 7

Plan of Etruscan Temple

Back 7

- 3 rooms, 3 guards
- probably housed cult statues
- Axiel Plan
- Simple plan, embellished with terra cotta
- Different from Greek columns, they don't go all the way around, has a front porch, wall comes out to edge of base
- Staircase in front only (doesn't go all the way around)
- higher off the ground and taller

Front 8

Baths of Caracalla

Back 8

- 211 to 217 AD Rome
- Groin and Barrel Vaults
- Wall opened up

Front 9

Colosseum in Rome

Back 9

- 72-80 AD
- Repetition of groin and barrel vaults

Front 10

Patrician Carrying Portrait Busts of two Ancestors

Back 10

- end of 1st century; Roman
- Ancestors important, shows your lineage
- Romans copied Greeks, didn't care that it was copies, what mattered is that they liked it and it brought them enjoyment
- displayed in home, not tomb

Front 11

Aulus Metellus (The Orator)

Back 11

- 80 BC, Roman
- Citizen,full rights and responsibilities,
- Realistic
- Toga and how he's standing
- More specific details, wrinkles and ponches

Front 12

Augustus of Primaporta

Back 12

-1st century AD, Roman
- Made a "living God"
- Statue made for Livia and her village
- Both likeness and idealized youthfulness
- He was known as the ideal, perfect man
(compare to spear bearer, 400 yrs old at time of Augustus, was "ideal" and "internal perfection"
- Style is still valued

Front 13

Temple of Portunus

Back 13

- 2nd century BC; Roman
- Not greek, some columns used for deco only, wall comes out to edge of column
- 1 clear access
- no fireze or sculpture

Front 14

Imperial Procession

Back 14

- 12AD (?), Roman
- Relief on the south side of Ara Pacis
- Members of Augustus' extended family

Front 15

Plan, House of Vettii

Back 15

- 62-79AD, Roman

Front 16

House of Vettii Wall Painting,
Ixion Room

Back 16

- 62-79 AD (1st century BC), Roman
- Bring the outside in
- how to decorate the walls
- realism w/ shadows, naturalism of bird and perspective

Front 17

The Arch of Titus

Back 17

- 81 AD Roman
- Just a Monument, doesn't do anything
- Roman Army marched through it triumphantly
- Both sculpture and architecture, but neither one
- symbolizes victory
- sculpture panel inside showing procession through the very arch

Front 18

Initiation Rites of the Cult of Bacchus; Villa of Mysteries, Pompeii

Back 18

- 50 BC, Roman
- Cult
- Photos of Herculaneum
- only 1/3 excavated, Naples is still on top of it
- Deep rich red "Pompeiian Red"
- hyper-realistic

Front 19

Spoils from the Temple of Solomon (passageway relief in the Arch of Titus)

Back 19

- 81 AD, Roman
- Sculpture panel/ relief inside
- bringing booty back from Jerusalem, real event
- Time passing / movement, turn to go through the very arch that it is displayed in

Front 20

Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum)

Back 20

-70-80 AD, Roman
- Roman Vaulting (arch system)
- Romans were huge sports fans
- Started under emperor Vespasian and completed with Titus (10 decades)
- Nicknamed Colesseum b/c of the Colossus statue of Nero next to it
- 1st level Doric Order (a/k/a Tuscan); 2nd Ionic; 3rd Corinthian. Heaviest to lightest

Front 21

Trajan's Market

Back 21

- 110-113 AD Roman
- Looks like a mall that we have today
- "Basilica" a large rectangular building with an extensive interior space, adaptable for a variety of functions
- Mall Hall

Front 22

Column of Trajan

Back 22

113-117 AD, Roman
- Triumphant, victory over Dacians
- In episodes like panels of a comic book
- Detailed, specific history

Front 23

The Pantheon

Back 23

- 118-28AD; Roman
-Bldg. w/ a dome, temple front (looks Greek)
- Have to make a transition to go from front to the dome
- Dedicated to all the Gods
- 8 nitches to hold statue
- Always remained in use, never in ruins because it was converted to a church
- Key points: how big it is, sense of space, perfectly spherical/could finish the circle,, perfection, why important
- Oculus (27' opening on top)

Front 24

The Pathenon (Interior)

Back 24

- Square coffers, to create lift
- made to look (perspective) like the dome is further away than it is
- Material is more dense, heavier lower down
- Lighter material going up, latafa (lava stone), thinner but strong
- Interior paint is dark blue w/ gold stars
- Dome is suppose to amaze
- Interior more important than the outside, which is not attractive, looks like a big drum

Front 25

Forum of Trajan

Back 25

- 97-117 AD, Roman
- Basilica - important form
- Series of Collanades
- They're additive
- Organized, hierarchical society
- Like our idea of a shopping mall, Romans invented mall / marketplace
- Plan of basilica: Barrel vaults, enclosed shopping center, groin vaults, gets light