Art Chapters 15 & 16

Front 1

Greece

Back 1

Regarded humankind as the highest creature of nature - closest thing to perfection

Front 2

Krater

Back 2

Refers to the vessels handled shape, traditionally used for mixing ceremonial beverages

Front 3

Kouros and kore

Back 3

Kouros is Greek for male youth and Kore is for female youth

Greeks created life sized freestanding statues of nudes

Front 4

Classical art

Back 4

Emphasizes rational simplicity, order, and restrained emotion

Front 5

Contrapposto

Back 5

Italian for counterpose. The counterpositioning of parts of the human figure about a vertical axis, as when the weight is placed on one foot causing the hip and shoulder lines to counterbalance each other

Front 6

Parthenon

Back 6

Designed and built as a gift to Athena Parthenos, goddess of wisdom

Front 7

Entasis

Back 7

The slight swelling or bulge in the center of a column, which corrects the illusion of concave tapering produced by parallel straight lines

Front 8

Metopes

Back 8

A square panel, often decorated with relief sculpture, placed at regular intervals above the colonnade of a classical Greek building

Front 9

Pediment

Back 9

A shelf above the colonnade on the short ends of a classical Greek temple. A triangular space below the gable roof

Front 10

Capitals

Back 10

The top part or head of a column or pillar (3 types)
1. Doric - simple, geometric, and sturdy
2. Ionic- taller and more decorative
3. Corinthian - complex and organic

Front 11

Hellenistic

Back 11

Greek-like. The transition to hellenistic coincided with the decline of Athens as a city-state after it fought a useless war with Sparta

Front 12

Hellenistic period art

Back 12

More dynamic and less idealized. It contrasts with classical Greek art in that it is more expressive and shows exaggerated movement

Front 13

Rome

Back 13

New force in the Mediterranean. By the second century, Rome had become the major power in the western world

Front 14

Romans

Back 14

Practical, less idealistic than Greeks. Their greatest achievements were in civil engineering, town planning, and architecture.

Front 15

Portico

Back 15

A porch attached to a building, supported with columns. Usually surrounded by a triangular pediment under a gable roof

Front 16

Coffer

Back 16

In architecture, a decorative sunken panel on the underside of a ceiling

Front 17

Catacombs

Back 17

Underground burial places in ancient Rome. Christians and Jews often decorated the walls and ceilings with paintings

Front 18

Basilica

Back 18

A roman town hall, with 3 aisles and an apse at one or both ends. Christians appropriated this form for their churches

Front 19

Apse

Back 19

A semicircular end to an aisle in a basilica or a Christian Church. In Christian churches and apse is usually placed at the eastern end of the central aisle

Front 20

San vitale

Back 20

The most important sixth century byzantine church in Ravenna

Front 21

The middle ages in Europe

Back 21

The one thousand years that followed the fall of the Western roman empire. They came between the fall of the roman empire and the rebirth of Greco-Roman ideas

Front 22

Animal style

Back 22

Developed by the eurasian nomads beginning in the late second Millennium BCE and lasting into the early middle ages in Europe. Based on abstracted forms of animals, often interlacing. Usually appears on personal adornment items, weapons, and horse fittings

Front 23

Romanesque

Back 23

A style of European architecture prevalent from the ninth to the twelfth centuries with round arches and barred vaults influenced by roman architecture and characterized by heavy stone construction

Front 24

Gothic

Back 24

Primarily an architectural style that prevailed in western Europe from the 12th through the 15th centuries, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, which made it possible to create stone buildings that reached great heights

Front 25

Flamboyant

Back 25

"flame-like". A style of late Gothic architecture characterized by intricate decorations and sinuous curves

Front 26

Humanism

Back 26

A philosophy or attitude concerned with the interests, achievements, and capabilities of human beings rather than the abstract concepts and problems of theology or science

Front 27

Renaissance

Back 27

Period in Europe from the late 14th through the 16th centuries, which was characterized by a renewed interest in human-centered classical art, literature, and learning

Front 28

Genre paintings

Back 28

A type of artwork that takes as it's subject everyday life, rather than civic leaders, religious figures, or mythological heroes. Flourished in Flanders and Holland between the 16th and 18th centuries

Front 29

Rocco

Back 29

French meaning "rock work". This late baroque style used in interior decoration and painting was characteristically playful, pretty, romantic, and visually loose or soft

Front 30

High Renaissance

Back 30

1490-1530. Italian art reached a peak of accomplishment in florence, Rome, and Venice. Leonardo, Michaelangelo, and raphael.

Front 31

Baroque

Back 31

1600-1770. Artists used the Renaissance techniques to move art in the direction of drama, emotion, and splendor.