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165 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Greek chronology
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Early Iron Age BCE
Geometric period Orientalizing period Archaic period Classical period Hellenistic period |
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Shrine to people buried
First major architecture in a while Heroon-a heros shrine Lefkandi |
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Heroon, Lefkandi
urn |
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name?
where? what period? dipylon? amphora? what kind of painting? men and women recieved? vacui? prothesis? ekphora? |
Dipylon amphora
Athens period geometric period Writing is re-introduced Earliest greek literature (Illiad and the Odyssey, theogony, works+days by Hesion) works to be sung in public Dipylon-(double gate) found outside of the tomb This vase was a grave marker Amphora-storage jar (two handles) Men received kraters women received amphori Very expensive Decorated with paint Maeander pattern Around the belly of the vase depicts scenes of the burial rituals Dead person laid out on a funeral beir with mourners arranged around Every open space is filled up-horror vacui ( fear of empty space) Prothesis-laying out of the body Ekphora-carrying of the body out to the cemetary |
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Bronze all cast in one piece
Hybrid figure mythological story Herakles ( to the left) hero struggling with the hybrid Probably a gift to a deity (probably zeus) Abstract Man is taller than horse figure Showing nude is to show masculine power geometric period |
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where is it from?
what period? |
Bronze tripod
Olympia Caldrons offering to gods Trophies won in athletic competition geometric and orientalizing period |
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protomes?
what period?? |
Bronze griffin protome
Rhodes Protomes-attatchments geometric and orientalizing period |
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where??
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Early example of orientalizing
Head is an upside down triangle hair forms a triangle going the other direction thebes greece Inscription “montiklos dedicated me to the far-shooting lord of the silver bow; you, Phoibos [apollo], might give me some pleasing favor in return” Votive offering-Quid Pru Quo (something for something) |
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citys central square
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agora
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covered colonnades
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stoas
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gymnasiums
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palaestras
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a dinner party that only prostitutes and men attend
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symposium
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zues
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king of god (jupiter)
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Hera
roman name?? |
Zues wife
goddess of marriage (juno) |
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Hestia
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Vesta
sister of zues goddess of the hearth |
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Demeter
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(ceres)
3rd sister goddess of grain and agriculture |
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Ares
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(mars)
god of war son of zues |
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Athena
what roman name? |
(minerva)
goddess of wisdom and warfare virgin sprung from neck of zues |
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Hephaistos
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(vulcan)
god of fire and metal working |
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Apollo
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god of light and music
son of zues |
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Artemis
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(diana)
sister of apollo goddess of the hunt and wild animals |
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Aphrodite
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Venus
daughter of zues goddess of love and beauty |
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Hermes
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mercury
son of zues messenger of gods and travelers guide |
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Hades
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lord of the under world god of the dead
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Dionysos
roman name?? |
Bacchus
son of zues god of wine |
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Eros
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Amor or cupid
son of aphrodite and ares |
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Asklepios
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son of apollo
god of healing |
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Female
Found in a muesem Stone Static composition rigdid Religious gesture??? Stretched out features limestone geometric period |
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who invented the black figure painting technique?
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the corinthians
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Greek
Veii is a town outside of rome Chigi olpe was the family which it was found Made at corinth and exported Made of clay This kind of painting is called black figure vase painting The corithians created this technique By adjusting the levels of oxygen the clay turns different colors Watery clay turns black Chigi olpe Veii Several registers soldiers marching into battle Kind of soldiers (Hoplites) marched in a formation called the (Phalanx) Soldiers heavily armored very large sheild and spear Requires training Soldiers are the male citizens of the polis Organization of the polis |
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Over door two seated women feline cats in procesion
Under neath women (godesses?) Temple A, Prinias |
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Young men on horse back
Elongated Status (wealthy) percursers Temple A, Prinias |
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KNOW ALL WORDS ON THIS!!!
Colonnade goes all the was around Porch (pronaos) faces east Main chamber (cella or aos) where statue was represented Worsgip is in the front Back room is the treasury |
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l
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Doric temple-this particular temple “cushion”
Tyigliph-three markings Metopes- Ionic order (right) continuous freeze corinthian |
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traingular space??
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Earliest greek temple
Island-Corfu 8 columns Trianglar space is called the –Peoiment Depicts a Gorgon (Medusa) perseus defeated her Male fig standing beside her and winged horse Two large cats gaurdian animals Medusa is a gaurdian for artemis on this temple |
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apotrophic??
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Warding off evil this is called Apotropaic (turns away)
Medusa son right Winged horse is pegasus (also son) Running on bended knee Swastca pose Temple of Artemis, Corfu |
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Warding off evil this is called Apotropaic (turns away)
Medusa son right Winged horse is pegasus (also son) Running on bended knee Swastca pose Temple of Artemis, Corfu |
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what period??
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Second temple
Pronounced curve of columns Temple of Hera II, Paestum, italy doric temple achaic greek period |
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where??
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An interest in more realistic volume
Buff Much more natural Awkward smile expression of vitality Grave monument for Kroisos Inscription on the bottom (killed in battle) Standard to represent men as nudeKroisos (Anavysos kouros) Athens archaic period |
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Kore/kori Girls
Offerings in a sanctuary Feet together Holding out something Offering making an offering Painted and detailed through painting not carving peplos kore athens archaic period |
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where??
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Bunching up of the fabric
Interest in anatomy Intricate texture of fabric shows that there are two different fabrics Attention to details of hair and jewlry Athens ( made on chios) |
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Achilles and Ajax gaming
Exekias Archaic period vase painting Mythological story We know the name of the artist because he signed it (name may have contributed value) EXEKIAS Playing some sort of game Was not apart of an actual story but a depiction of the modern soldier Achilles dies Ajax is cursed he commits sucide because he did not receive the armour of Achilles This scene is the moment before the tragedy Example of foreshortening (sheild showing the profile) |
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who is the main character??
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Death of Sarpedon, Euphronios
Red figure technique reverse of black technique Painted lines before firing no incisions Paint is around the silloetes Artist EUPRONIOS Illegally excavated Used to mix water and wine Scene from the storis of homer Prince Sarpedon carried off by winged fig and the god hermes behind the guide of sould to the under world Sleep and death The prince is at the height of beauty Eyelid is just partially closes |
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Three revellers
Munich 2307 EuthymidesPartyers Figure studys Three quarters view twisting in space Inscription “As never Euphronios” it’s a boast to say hes better that previous artist |
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Temple of Aphaia, AeginaIsland Aegina
Highest point on island dedicated by local god Aphaia Doric temple All stone More space inbetween stones Entering into the space around the temple you on holy ground Brightly painted Had sculptures |
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Pediments, Temple of Aphaia, AeginaThe two pedimants were painted at different times the one in the back (west) is earlier
East was replaced for some reason what we have is the second version Similair themes assault of greeks on troy There was two the first one led by heracles had heros from Aegina Telamon (east 490) and Ajax (west 500) |
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W pediment, Temple of Aphaia, Aegina
athena on the center |
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Costume that has pants clearly not a greek
Phrygian cap –hat modern turkey W pediment Temple of Aphaia Aegina |
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Wearing greek armour
Increasing interest in drapery Herakles E pediment Temple of Aphaia Aegina |
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Wounded figure much more realistic
Mouth open E pediment, Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, |
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where??
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Kritios boy
Acropolis Athens classical |
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Artemision Zeus
from Cape Artemision Euboia classic period |
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Riace Warrior A
South Italy (Olympia?) classical period |
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Diskobolos
by Myron classical period |
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The Athenian Acropolis
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Athena Parthenos
Pheidias |
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East pediment
Temple of Athena Parthenos helios and his horse Acropolis, Athens, Greece |
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Lapith and Centaur (South metope)
Temple of Athena Parthenos |
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Doric and Ionic friezes
Temple of Athena Parthenos |
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Cavalry procession, Ionic frieze
Temple of Athena Parthenos |
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Presentation of the peplos, Ionic frieze
Temple of Athena Parthenos |
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Propylaia
classical greek |
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Erechtheion
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Temple of Athena Nike
Used to have a barrier and used it for an opurtnity for sculptures of goddess of nike |
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Angelos- messengers of gods
Bending over balanced to untye her sandle because she is about to go onto holy ground Figure study Clinging material so that you can see the shape of the body |
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Grave marker for Hegeso
Woman interacting with slave choosing jewlry Resembles a temple Idealized faces no expression Details in drapery Hegeso if fully clothed even her head not a promiscious Hegeso stele Athens |
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what period was theater in?
where is this? |
End of classical period 323 BCE with death of alexander the great
Beginning of hellenistic period Theater is in the hellenistic period Greater interest in emotions and drama Did dramas in religious celebration of dionysos Dionysos (goddess of wine) idea of dinking making you become another person Built into natural landscape Flat space at bottom is – ORCHESTRA Theatron-(theater) a place to watch Very good acoustics Theater, Epidauros |
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Skene is the stage building
Entered and exited on the parodos |
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New achitectual order called the corinthian order
Broad flat leaves inspired by the acanthus flower |
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naked woman
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Picture of a woman *** not here
Shows her naked which is new People thought is was blasphamis but others thought it wasn’t She is the only goddess they thought that was okay to show naked because she is the goddess of love She is shown caught in action of taking a bath Proportions change that the head should be smaller |
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Found in sanctuary of zues
Hermes was probably holding grapes Starting to show interaction between them S shaped curveHermes and infant Dionysos Praxiteles |
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Apoxyomenos
(Scraper) Lysippos |
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who was the artist?
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Porturature
Bust of alexander Lysippos was the court artist Intense look on his face Has a cowlick ( very alexander) alexander was practically a god |
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King of pergamon had to deal with gauls
Art of pergamon the new athens WE ARE BETTER THAN THE GAULS This sculpture of the actual gauls showed in an honourable way The gauls fought in the nude Torc –band around the neck Twisting in awkward and painful position Hellenistic |
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Great Altar of Zeus at Pergamon
Reconstructed in muesem Ionic colonade An ionic freeze battle between gods and giants (gigantomachy) Metaphor for actual battle |
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Athena and Alkyoneus
Great Altar of Zeus at Pergamon Gripping on to the head of alkyoneus To right is female gaia goddess of earth mother of giants Above her is another figure godess of victory Large figures over life size |
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what period??
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Nike of Samothrace
Pythokritos of Rhodes Samothrace place of the great gods hellenistic It was sitting on front of boat Recognition of a victory at a naval battle |
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What era?
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Humor
Hellenistic art Aprodite, pan, and eros Bewitching pan to advance on pan |
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The subjects change to interest in depicting lower status more realistic
Gripping on to wine jar Not worried about appearance |
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Lazio – Latium (broad)
Tucany (modern day) Romans called them tusci Language that they spoke was nothing like and indo-european |
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Banditaccia necropolis
Caere/Cerveteri |
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Carved out of volcanic bedrock
Couched or beds were also carved Entrance had a corbel arch etruscan art |
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Tomb of the Reliefs
Banditaccia necropolis Caere/Cerveteri |
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Painted and carved relief with house hold objects
Making it look like a real house Couches are beds used for banqueting etruscan art Tomb of the Reliefs Banditaccia necropolis, Caere/Cerveteri |
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Safety pin
Status object showing off wealth Upper part is made by hammering called (Repousse) Highley orientalizing Gold fibula Regolini-Galassi Tomb Caere/Cerveteri |
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Tent like
Very similar to early greek Couples relaxing and drinking Etruscans included their wives with the banquets Tomb of the Leopards, Tarquinia |
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Tomb of Hunting and Fishing, Tarquinia
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where?
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Tri Kline couch –three couched room
Trees serving to segment the people Tomb of the Triclinium, Tarquinia |
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Tomb of Orcus, Tarquinia
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Couple sarcophagus, Cerveteri
Displaying intimacy Fired clay terra cotta Holding something in her hand |
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Inghirami Tomb, Volterra
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Sarcophagus lid of
Larth Tetnies and Thanchvil Tarnia |
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Etruscan temple model
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Apollo of Veii
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She-wolf, Rome
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where?
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Rome made the etruscans citizens
This sculpture is an over life size of an etruscan noble looking like a roman He is wearing a toga His head is raised (Ad locutio) a gesture of speaking or adressing public speech The script that his name is written in is etruscans Bronze casting Aule Meteli |
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Republic was controled by aristocrates competition between people caused civil war until _________
________ was the beginging on the empire period |
juluia ceasar
augustas |
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Roman history
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Roman History
ca. 1000-509 BCE Regal period 509-44 BCE Republic 44 BCE-ca. 330 CE Empire |
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Jupiter best and greatest
Temple was huge largest etruscan style temple Built on two platform Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Four horses Processions generals would paint face red just like scuplture Capitoline Hill, Rome, |
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Greek influece
All stone temple Ionic order Narrower No way to get in except from the front Temple of Portunus, Rome |
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what did they mix to make the concrete?? who created it?
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Romans descoverd how to make concrete
They miked lime and a volcanic sand (came from vesuvius) ( called pozzolana) It would dry even under water Cheaper and faster Don’t need to learn terms above Interior is concrete and pushed into it was flat stone Opus incertum, opus reticulatum, opus testaceum roman art |
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Inovation of the true arch
Good way to create open spaces Arches and vaults roman art |
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First born
Town called praeneste Built into hill side Temple of Fortuna Primigeneia Praeneste Contrast between curving architecture and strait architecture (trabeated-strait lines, arcuated- use of curve lines) |
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Temple of Fortuna Primigeneia
Praeneste barrel vault |
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“Brutus,” Late 4th or early 3rd
Roman repuplic Portrait of a senator Renound for having been the man who drove the last king out of rome middle aged Intense gaze inlayed eyes Solving a problem? Not generalized, a specific person Highly realistic almost unrealistic called (veristic) Romans believed that you physicality was a sign of you character age =wisdom |
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Cheeks and eyes are hollow
Head is covered because preists have there head covered so this mad is pious Veristic male portrait early roman art |
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Rival for power
Struggled with julius caesar Great military man Hair has a cow like- reference to alexander the great portrait He wants to rule the way alexander ruled Pompey the Great early roman art |
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End of republic
Member of one of the elite familys Holding sculptures that are busts of his ancestors All the family would be wearing masks of their dead members of the family escorting the body for their burial Patrician male with funerary busts early roman art |
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Beigining of augustus rien
Won a battle between Mark antony Cleopatra At Actium 31 BCE He used art to send political messege Made after his death We know he is dead because his feet are bare Augustas has been deified His successor deified him it then became a traition Militay costume Arm raised in a gesture of adress Pose called contropasta Prima Porta Augustus Ad locutio gesture |
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what is the name of the statue??
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Prima Porta Augustus
The sun god sol is riding in a chariot being led by victory It’s the dawning of a new era that’s been led in by augustus victory Roman soldier receiving embalms from guy that is a parthian Augustas had negotioated to get the standered back Tiberius was his succesor |
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Wife of augustas
Made when she was in her eightys Livia (Fayum, Egypt) |
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Ara Pacis (Altar of Augustan Peace)
pax-peace Augustus wanted it it be known that he brought peace |
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Horogium??
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Horologium- giant sundial
Egyptian architecture Shadow would point directly to the altar of peace on augustas’ birthday Ara Pacis (Altar of Augustan Peace |
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Ara Pacis (Altar of Augustan Peace)
Reconstruction Lower level freeze of wildly growing vegitation abundance if nature that comes with peace Mars and the hero of aeneas ( father figures to rome) on top On the other side Italia-tellus and roma (mother figures) He encouraged more child births strongly againts adulturyon On the long side was a precession of augustas and his family giving a sacrifice to Pax |
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South side, Augustus and officials
Precession |
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South side, State priests and Agrippa
Precession priests Agrippa is the the right augustas right hand man |
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South side, Family procession
Women and small children actual family members Highly specific |
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Ionic frieze, Parthenon, AthensAugustas is conciously copying the parthenon
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East side, Italia-Tellus
Italia-the earth She is chastley dressed Fruit and children The sky and the sea |
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The Imperial Fora
augustas built new forums |
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Temple of Mars Ultor, Forum of Augustus
Large retangular open court yard Mars the avenger Ultor – avenger Philippi- battle Also had statue of venus as well as mars to show his lineage Temple at the back Centraly aligned |
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Forum of Augustus
Women acting as columns-karyatids Depicting of a sheild with the face of jupiter- amon (amon-ra) in order th make referance to the conquest of egypt Replicas of the one on the next slide (Karyatids, South Porch, Erechtheion Acropolis, Athens) |
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Maison Carrée, Nîmes
Spread of roman culture Best preserved roman temple Inknown dedication possibly augustas and his family Details are simular to the forum of augustas Built in marble Jewel box |
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Pont du Gard, Nîmes
Aqueduct.. |
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Vespasian
Rome Tyberius was the sucessor of augustas This dynasty is called julio-claudian Nero was very unpopular 54-63 there was a fire and he decided to make that area his own so the blamed the fire on him He was claimed a public enemy and then he commited suicide Civil war broke out Year of the four empereriors The winner was vespasian vespasian 69-79 Titus 79-81 Domitian 81-91 Went back to the repiblic Bye readopting the veristic style Vespasian was a military man Judaea revolt- against having to worship another God Vespasian conquered jerusalem |
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Hadrian went back to greek style
Hadrian loved the time in greece when this art was popular He is showing himself as older and wiser Hadrian Rome |
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Woman from time hadrian
Fasionable hair style Used drill to form cork screw curls Domitia Longina |
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architectural historians desribe the elevation of a greek temple in terms of the platform, the colonnade, and the superstructure
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entablature
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two basic sysytems evolved for articulating the three units
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orders
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formulated on the mainland, remained the preferred manner there and in the western colonies of the greeks
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Doric
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the order of the choice in the aegean islands and on the western coast of asia minor
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Ionic
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the upper most course of the platform
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stylobate
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the main weight bearing and weight-distributing element
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architrave
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entasis
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swelling
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Gigantomachy wasa a popular theme in greek art from
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archaic period through hellenistic times
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lapiths
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a northern greek tribe
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centaurs battle
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centauromachy
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aknowledged master of the black-figure technique
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exekias
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the birth of this new technique came around 530 bce from an artist know as
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the andokides painter
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centaurs battle
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centauromachy
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aknowledged master of the black-figure technique
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exekias
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the birth of this new technique came around 530 bce from an artist know as
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the andokides painter
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lapiths
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a northern greek tribe
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centaurs battle
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centauromachy
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aknowledged master of the black-figure technique
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exekias
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the birth of this new technique came around 530 bce from an artist know as
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the andokides painter
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flavian dynasty
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Vespasian, titus, domitian
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Arch of Titus
Rome Triumphal arch Triumph was a specific type of parade This arch was built for titus By his brother |
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Triumphal procession: the spoils from Jerusalem
Actual parade Titus’ troops coming back from Judea All the things of the temple were brought back into their own city Just about to march through another arch Roman art |
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Triumphal procession: the spoils from Jerusalem
Actual parade Titus’ troops coming back from Judea All the things of the temple were brought back into their own city Just about to march through another arch Roman art |
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apotheosis??
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Up above
Titus riding on the back of an eagle The (apotheosis)-becoming a god of Titus |
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Great fire in rome in 64
Nero used it to make his own land Turning it into the country side People were not happy Domus Aurea (Golden House) Had a huge sculpture or nero and revolving dining room Vespasian drained lake and built a theater |
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Amphitheater is a theater double used for gladiatorial games
Flavian Amphitheater First amphitheater that was permanent largest in roman empire could seat up to 50,000 people The statue was replaced to be the sun god Statues of famous roman hero's and gods Doric order ionic order and Corinthian in order from bottom the top Roman art |
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Flavian Amphitheater
Substructures from below Trap doors and so on It had a removable roof Fabric roof that could be drawn over roof Manned by sailors |
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Eruption of mount vesuvius
Pliny-writer, wrote about the eruption, Ash was thrown up and it was pushed to pompei People died in heculaneum second phase hot mud was thrown onto herculaneum |
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Pompeii
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The House of the Menander
Interest on showing preceding phases |
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House of Sallust
tablinum Pompeii early 2nd c. BCE 1st Style Painting Styles of painting Covered with plaster Three dimensionally moldings to look like marble |
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Villa at Boscoreale, ca. 50 BCE
2nd Style Painting roman art Second style Wall is flat but the painting creates an illusion that theres something beyond that wall |
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Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii
roman art |
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Architecture becomes exaggerated
Almost abstract Reduced to fantasy Villa at Boscotrecase 10 BCE 3rd style painting |
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The House of the Vettii, 50 CE, Fourth style painting
Combines second and third style |
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Mummy portraits
A painting of the person in the prime of their life Encaustic-mixing paint with hot wax Encaustic portrait of a woman Fayum, Egypt |
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Doryphoros
by Polykleitos |
