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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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factors that impact human comfort
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-temperature
-humidity -air movement -surrounding temperature radiation -air quality -sound -vibration -light |
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ways the human body loses heat
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-convection
-evaporation -radiation |
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relative humidity ranges (comfortable, tolerable)
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comfortable range: 30%-65% relative humidity
tolerable range: 20%-70% |
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general code requirements related to human comfort
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-minimum requirements for ventilation (minimum operable window area, minimum mechanical ventilation rates, or both), outlined by occupancy group
-minimum amount of fresh, outdoor air circulated -minimum exhaust rates, how often a complete air change must occur |
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ways heat is transferred between the exterior and interior of a building
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-conduction
-convection -radiation |
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parts of the building envelope
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-walls
-roof -doors -windows -foundation |
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ASHRAE
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American Society of Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers
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relationship of resistance and conductance
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R = 1 / C
(R and C determined from reference texts and ASHRAE) |
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coefficient of heat transmission (U)
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U = 1 / ΣR (=/= ΣC)
reciprocal of the sum of resistances in an assembly |
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total heat loss (formula)
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q = U * A * ΔT
q = total heat loss U = U-value of material/assembly (coefficient of heat transmission) A = area of material/assembly ΔT = temperature differential between inside and outside |
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cold climate zone (design response)
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-minimize exposed surface area
-generally cube-shaped -partially buried -minimize northern exposure -minimize openings, airlock entries -mechanical and active solar heating required (passive solar heating is inadequate) -landscape to block winter wind |
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temperate climate zone (design response)
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-minimize northern exposure, maximize southern exposure
-block winter wind -east-west orientation -deciduous trees -mechanical awnings -nighttime ventilation in the summer -active and passive solar heating |
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hot-humid climate zone (design response)
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-maximize natural ventilation with narrow floor plans and cross ventilation
-landscape to provide shade without blocking breezes -thermally lightweight building materials (do not want to store daytime heat) |
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hot-arid climate zone (design response)
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-shade from direct sunlight
-thermal mass -nighttime ventilation -pools and roof ponds to provide evaporative cooling (roof ponds double as thermal mass) |
