Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?
|
Large SA that collects lots of sunlight
Minimum overlap of leaves on the plant Thin (light absorbed in first few millimetres and short diffusion distance) Transparent cuticle and epidermis that let light through to the photosynthetic mesophyll cells beneath Long, narrow upper mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts |
|
|
6CO₂ + 6H₂O --light-->
|
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
|
|
|
What are the three main stages to photosynthesis?
|
Capturing of light energy
LDR LIR |
|
|
What happens in the LDR? What are the products?
|
Light energy is converted into chemical energy. An electron flow is created by the effect of light on chlorophyll and this causes photolysis of water into protons, electrons and oxygen
Products are: NADP, ATP and oxygen |
|
|
What happens in the LIR? What are the products?
|
Protons from LDR are used to reduce carbon dioxide to produce sugars and other organic molecules
|
|
|
Where does the LDR take place?
|
Membranes of the thylakoids
|
|
|
Where does the LIR take place?
|
In the fluid-filled matrix
|
|
|
What is oxidation?
|
Loss of electrons or hydrogen, gain of oxygen
|
|
|
Photolysis of water:
2H₂O --> |
4H⁺ + 4e⁻ + O₂
|
|
|
How are chloroplasts structurally adapted to their function of capturing sunlight?
|
The thylakoid membranes provide a large SA (e.g. for attachment of chlorophyll
Network of prteins in grana hold chlorophyll in a very precise manner (max absorption of light) Granal membranes have enzymes attached (help with ATP manufacture) Chloroplasts contain DNA and ribosomes so they can quickly and easily manufacture proteins needed for LDR |
|
|
Where is the site of the LIR?
|
The stroma of the chloroplasts
|
|
|
How is the chloroplast adapted to carryingout the LIR?
|
Fluid filled stroma contains all the enzymes needed to carry out the LIR
Stroma surrounds the grana and so the products of the LDR in the grana can readily diffuse to the stroma Contains both DNA and ribosomes --> Can quickly manufacture some proteins needed for LIR |
|
|
What is a limiting factor?
|
At any given moment, the rate of a physiological process is limited by the factor that is at its least favourable value
Nice :) - Remember PS is made up of a series of small reactions - the slowest reaction determines the overall rate of PS |
|
|
What are the two common ways of measuring the rate of PS in a plant?
|
The volume of oxygen released by a plant
The volume of carbon dioxide taken up by the plant |
|
|
When light is the limiting factor, the rate of PS is ________ ____________ to _____ _________
|
directly proportional, light intensity
|
|
|
What is the compensation point?
|
When there is no net exchange of gases by the plant
|
|
|
Between 0 and 25*C the rate of photosynthesis is approximately doubled for each __*C rise in termperature
|
10
|
|
|
Purely photochemical reactions are not usually affected by temperature....
|
This told researchers that there was also a totally chemical process involved as well as a photochemical one
|
