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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the 2 muscles of inspiration
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diaphram
external intercostals |
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name the 2 muscles of expiration
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abs internal intercostals
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each cluster of alveoli is surronded by these 2 things
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elastic fibers and a capillaries
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describe 3 types of cells in alveolar structure
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type 1-respiratory cells
type 2-surfactant alveolar macrophages |
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two structures gas exchange occurs
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alveoli and respiratory broncioles.
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visceral pleura
parietal pleura |
lining of sac attached to lung
lining attached to chest wall and diaphragm |
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alveolar pressure
Positive? Negative? |
sum of pressures of all gases in the alveoli
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intrapleural pressure
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always negative relative PA
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transpulmonary pressure
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Ptrans = PA – Pip
always positive because Pip always less than PA |
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2 reasons why lungs want to collapse. Why dont they?
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1) surface tension …
2) elasticity … dont bc surfactant because transpulmonary pressure is always positive, countering elastic recoil |
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lung compliance
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(ability to stretch)
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pneumothorax
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collapsed lung, what transpulmonary pressure is 0, for example, getting shot
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Boyle’s law
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gas moves from hi to low
pressure inversely varies by volume of gas There must be a difference between patm and pa |
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When does inspiration occur
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When PA becomes subatmospheric (Patm> PA)
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When does expiration occur
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when PA > Patm
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what innervates inspiratory muscles to jam and do their thing?
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phrenic nerve
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How does expiration differ from inspiration
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inspiration requires energy always, expiration doesnt unless your working out
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alveolar pressure is positive when?
negative when? |
positive during expiration
negative during inspiration |
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tidal volume
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each breath = 500 ml
at rest = 0.5 L/breath x 12 breath/min = 6 L/min may to 150 L/min |
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anatomical dead space
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150 ml around a third of breath is expired the same way its inhaled
air doesnt reach alveoli thus long slow breathes better than shallow breathes |
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Dalton’s law relates to what
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partial pressures, with gasses minding their busines
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What 2 factors drives O2 diffusion from alveolar air into blood
describe solubility of c02 and N2 |
p02 and solubility.
CO2 is 20 x more soluble than O2 in H2O!!! N2 nearly insoluble in H2O |
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Is alveolar gas composition the same as atmospheric
gimmie numbers |
no! hahahah No its not!
PO2 = 160 mmHg PCO2 = 0.3 mmHg in alveoli PO2 = 100 mmHg PCO2 = 40 mmHg |
