1St 9 Weeks Test

Front 1

cytology

Back 1

the study of cells

Front 2

Robert Hooke

Back 2

coined the term “cell” by looking at dead cork cells

Front 3

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Back 3

coined the term “animalcules” by observing pond water. also discovered protists

Front 4

Matthias Schieden

Back 4

discovered that cells compose all parts of plants in 1838

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Theodor Schwann

Back 5

discovered that cells compose all parts of animals

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Rudolph Virchow

Back 6

discovered that cells come from other or pre-existing cells in a process called cell division

Front 7

The Cell Theory was made up by who?

Back 7

Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow

Front 8

3 parts of the cell theory

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1. all living things are composed of one or more cells

2. cells are the basic unit of living things

3. cells are produced only from pre-existing cells

Front 9

cell wall

Back 9

unique to plant cells, the cell wall is a rigid, protective wall that resists the strain of physical forces. the cell wall is mainly made up of cellulose fiber and it helps maintain the shape of the cell.

Front 10

cell membrane or plasma memebrane

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the cell membrane is a thin layer made up of proteins, lipids, and fats. it is selectively permeable and thus, regulates the transportation of materials needed for the survival of the organelles of the cell. it protects the cell from the outside environment.

Front 11

centrosomes

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a small region of cytoplasm that produce microtubules. in animal cells, it contains 2 small structures called centrioles.

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centrioles

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aid in cell division and organize microtubules to form cilia and flagella

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chloroplast

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found only in plants. is a plastid that traps energy from sunlight. contains chlorophyll molecules, that vary on the process of photosynthesis as well as give the plants a lush, green color.

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cytoplasm

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the gel like substance that fills the cell. it is where organelles are found and where many chemical reactions take place.

Front 15

golgi body or golgi apparatus

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is involved in the transportation of lipids and modification of proteins. it’s crucial in segregating and transporting material within the cell. it sorts, modifies, and processes proteins.

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mitochondria

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where cellular respiration takes place. it converts sugar into the energy molecule ATP. the mitochondrion controls cell metabolism

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nucleus

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regulates various cell functions by controlling the protein synthesis of the plant cell. the nucleus contains DNA within the chromosomes. it’s a membrane-bound structure that contains the cells hereditary information.

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nucleolus

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transcribes ribosomal RNA (this is where ribosomes are made)

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ribosomes

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the site of protein synthesis. it builds and synthesizes proteins

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rough endoplasmic rectilium

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has ribosomes on its surface. it takes proteins processed by the golgi body and transports them through the cell. it facilitates the translation and folding of proteins

Front 21

smooth endoplasmic rectilium

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has no ribosomes. it’s crucial in manufacturing and transporting lipids.

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smooth endoplasmic rectilium

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has no ribosomes. it’s crucial in manufacturing and transporting lipids.

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vacuole

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it’s functions include, storing needed materials, isolating materials harmful to the cell, maintaining turgor within the cell and exporting unwanted materials away from the cell

Front 24

smooth endoplasmic rectilium

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has no ribosomes. it’s crucial in manufacturing and transporting lipids.

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vacuole

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it’s functions include, storing needed materials, isolating materials harmful to the cell, maintaining turgor within the cell and exporting unwanted materials away from the cell

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lysosome

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contain enzymes that break down damaged or worn out cell parts, also defends the cell from invading bacteria and viruses.

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plants cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria while animal cells only have

Back 27

mitochondria

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plants cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria while animal cells only have

Back 28

mitochondria

Front 29

plants cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane while animal cells only have a

Back 29

cell membrane