Approach To Ecg

Front 1

What does RRATS it's the QT stand for?

Back 1

Rate
Rhythm and PR interval
Axis
The QRS
ST segment
QT and the QTc
T wave abnormalities

Front 2

How do you check rhythm and PR interval?

Back 2

1)Check atrial and ventricular rhythm and determine if they are: connected, regular/irregular, P before each QRS (and pattern if not)
2) PR interval

Front 3

What is sinus rhythm?

Back 3

Positive P wave in leads I, II, III aVF and aVL

Front 4

What does negative p wave in I or II mean?

Back 4

Ectopic atrial activity

Front 5

What is normal duration of the QRS?

Back 5

3 small squares

Front 6

What does side QRS mean?

Back 6

Not using his-purkinje system - BBB or ectopic ventricular origin

Front 7

What does too high voltage in QRS mean? Too low?

Back 7

Hypertrophy of ventricle
Too much space to chest wall (ex - pericardial effusion)

Front 8

What are findings for RBBB?

Back 8

"bunny ears" - rSR' in septal leads (V1, V2)
Big S wave in lateral leads (V6, I aVL)

Front 9

What are findings for LBBB?

Back 9

Very negative in septum (V1, V2) with an rS or qS shape
Very wide in lateral leads (I, aVL, V5, V6)

Front 10

What are findings for right ventricular hypertrophy?

Back 10

In V1: R >7mm or R'>10mm or R>S
In V5, V6: R<S

Front 11

What indicates Left ventricular hypertrophy?

Back 11

aVL: R wave >11mm
I R wave + III S wave >25mm
V5 or V6: R >26mm
V5 or V6 R + V1 S > 35mm
Largest R + Largest S > 45mm

Front 12

What is normal length of QT interval

Back 12

Less than 1/2 RR, 8-11 small squares BUT changes with HR

Front 13

What is QTc

Back 13

QT interval corrected for heart rate (QT = QTc @ 60bpm)

Front 14

What is normal height of T wave

Back 14

1/3 to 2/3 the height of R wave

Front 15

What does it mean if T wave is too tall?

Back 15

Hyperkalemia, etc.