Apologia Bio Module 10

Front 1

Ecology

Back 1

The study of interactions between and non-living things.

Front 2

Name the 4 different subgroups

Back 2

• Population
  
• Community
  
• Ecosystem
  
• Biome
  

Front 3

Population

Back 3

a group of interbreeding organisms coexistingtogether

Front 4

Community

Back 4

A group of populations living & interacting in the samearea.

Front 5

Ecosystem

Back 5

An association of living organisms and theirenvironmentcom

Front 6

Biome

Back 6

a group of ecosystems classified by climate and plantlife

Front 7

Name the four tropic levels

Back 7

Producer

Primary consumer

Secondary consumer

Tertiary consumer

Front 8

Primary consumer

Back 8

Anorganism that eats producers. (Herbivores)

Front 9

Secondary consumer

Back 9

Anorganism that eats primaryconsumers. (Carnivores)

Front 10

Tertiary Consumer

Back 10

An organism that eats secondary consumers. (Carnivores)

Front 11

Food Web

Back 11

A more complex diagram of trophic relationships within an ecosystem.

Front 12

Everyliving organism must have some sort of a ___________ ,or the organism will overrun its ecosystem. Ex: Rabbits on Australia farm

Back 12

predator

Front 13

Food Webs also track __________ as it moves through the ecosystem

Back 13

energy

Front 14

Every time energy moves up a trophic level, a lot of energy is _______ .

Back 14

lost

Front 15

What are the two ways energy is lost from one tropic level to the next

Back 15

l1)Cellular respiration

2) Notall of the parts are being used up by other consumers.

Front 16

Ecological Pyramid

Back 16

a diagram that shows the biomass of organisms at each trophic level.

Front 17

Biomass

Back 17

A measure of the total dry mass of organisms with in a particular region divided by the area of that region.

Front 18

Whichlevel contains the most biomass?

Back 18

producers

Front 19

Mutualism

Back 19

A specific form of symbiosis in which 2 or more organismslive in a mutually beneficial relationship

Front 20

Physicalenvironment

Back 20

includes all non-living things in the ecosystem. (ex: weather, temperature, chemicals, gases, and water)

Front 21

________ is the most important substance for life on earth.

Back 21

Water

Front 22

Watervapor

Back 22

__________ _________from the ocean forms clouds that travel through the air.

Front 23

If the water vapor gets heavy enough, it can fall back to earth as__________.

Back 23

precipitation

Front 24

Transpiration-

Back 24

Evaporation of water from the leaves of plants.

Front 25

Transpiration is alarge amount of that water ends back up in the air, because __________________________

Back 25

the water actually evaporates from the leaves of plants.

Front 26

___________ ____________ trickles back into the sea as surface run-off

Back 26

Excess water

Front 27

Whatwould happen if there was no run-off to the ocean?

Back 27

The ocean would dry up.

Front 28

What two things does water cycle do?

Back 28

1. 1.Makes sure that the water stays where it should in the ecosystem.
   
2. 2. It transports nutrients from one part of the ecosystem to another part.

Front 29

Watershed

Back 29

an ecosystem where all water run-off drains into a single body of water.

Front 30

What do the plants of a watershed do?

Back 30

moderate the amount of nutrients carried away by the river and they limit the amount of soil that can be pulled into the river

Front 31

What would happen withoutplants in a watershed?

Back 31

too many nutrients could flow into the river and could cause an algae bloom that could destroy the water ecosystem.

Front 32

Oxygen Cycle

Back 32

physical process that causes oxygen to be used up and replenished.

Front 33

Whatis the major way the oxygen cycle uses and replenishes oxygen?

Back 33

Photosynthesis

Front 34

________ and _________make more oxygen in photosynthesis than thanuse in respiration.

Back 34

Plants and Phytoplankton

Front 35

Carbon Cycle

Back 35

regulates the amount of Carbon in the ecosystem. Mostly keeping track of the amount of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Front 36

Three ways that Carbon Dioxide enters air:

Back 36

1. 1.When decomposers do theirjob
   
2. 2. Respiration of all aerobic organisms
   
3. 3. When something burns
   

Front 37

Two ways that CarbonDioxide leaves the air

Back 37

Photosynthesis and dissloves in the ocean

Front 38

Why is CarbonDioxide very important to us?

Back 38

It helps keep the planet warm. It is one of the principle gases involved in a process known as the greenhouse effect.

Front 39

Greenhouse effect

Back 39

The process by which certain gases (water vapor, CO2, methane) trap heat that would otherwise escape into the atmosphere. It helps keep the earth at just the right temperature.

Front 40

Everyliving thing needs_______ .

Back 40

nitrogen

Front 41

The ________ (78%) of the air we breathe is made of nitrogen

Back 41

majority

Front 42

Nitrogengets into the air by ________ ______ ________.

Back 42

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Front 43

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are designed to take nitrogen gas from the air and convert it into _______ .

Back 43

amonia

Front 44

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria provide nitrogen to the ________

Back 44

producers

Front 45

Thenitrogen cycle doesn't just pull nitrogen from the air, it also puts it backthrough the process called ____________.

Back 45

denitrification

Front 46

Denitrification is a process that puts nitrogen back in the ______.

Back 46

Air

Front 47

___________ add nitrogen back to the atmosphere.

Back 47

Decomposers