Ape Retorical 4

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Register

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one of the varieties of language appropriate social situations (frozen, formal, consultative, casual, intimate)

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Deus ex machina

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as in Greek theater, use of an artificial device or contrived solution to solve a difficult situation, usually introduced suddenly and unexpectedly; the helicopter that suddenly arrives to rescue the protagonist from the top of a building

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Cosmic irony

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the perception of fate or the universe as malicious or indifferent to human suffering, which creates a painful contrast between a character's purposeful activity and its ultimate meaninglessness

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Diction

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related to style, this refers to the writer's words choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. i.e. For the AP exam, you should be able to describe an author's diction and understand the ways in which diction can complement the authors purpose

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Dogmatism

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established belief or doctrine, usually religious, which cannot be refuted or argued

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Loose sentence

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a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by the dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. A work containing many loose sentences often seems informal, relaxed, and conversational

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Periodic sentences

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a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. This independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. For example: "Ecstatic with my AP score (cannot stand alone), I let out a loud, joyful shout (independent clause)!" The effect of this type of sentence is to add emphasis and structural variety. it is also a much stronger sentence than a loose sentence

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Oxymoron

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from the Greek for "pointedly foolish," an oxymoron is a figure of speech where in the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. "Jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness"

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Absolute

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words or terms that leave no negotiation or exception: all, everyone, never, none

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Anaphora

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one of the devices of repetition in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times

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Description

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a mode of discourse used to present detailed observation and sensory detail

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Aesthetic

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pertaining to the value of art for its own sake or for form; not necessarily useful, but beautiful

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Dramatic irony

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this occurs in plays when the audience knows more than the characters

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Epistolary

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a piece of literature contained in or carried on by letters. Frankenstein (the novel)

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Anachronism

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an error in chronology; a reference that is inconsistent or inaccurate in view of the time in which a story is set i.e. In Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, characters refer to clocks which did not exist in ancient Rome