Ap2: Exercise 12-Male Reproductive System

Front 1

Male reproductive system (Function)

Back 1

Male Reproductive System

FUNCTIONS:
(1) production of male gametes
(2) providing tubes through which gametes can exit
(3) producing fluid to support sperm
(4) producing hormones that support male's secondary sex characteristics
(5) sperm production
(6) providing an organ that can enter the female for transfer of sperm

Front 2

Male external genitalia

Back 2

Male external genitalia-

(1) penis
(2) scrotal sac

Front 3

Perineum

Back 3

Perineum-

That region of the body spanning the region between the ischial tuberosities and extending from the pubic arch to the coccyx.

(glossary)

Front 4

Scrotal Sac

Back 4

Scrotal Sac-

houses (2) testes

Front 5

Testes

Back 5

Testes- ("witnesses")

Male primary reproductive organ that produces sperm; male gonad.

(glossary)

Front 6

The scrotum is divided by_________?

Back 6

The scrotum is divided by:

(1) perineal raphe
(2) medium septum (internally)

Front 7

Perineal raphe

Back 7

Perineal raphe-

a line that divides the scrotum (externally) ???

Front 8

Medium septum

Back 8

Medium septum-

divides the scrotal sac (internally) into two spaces containing testes

Front 9

What are the muscles located in the scrotum?

Back 9

Muscles in the scrotum

(1) cremaster muscle
(2) dartos muscle

Front 10

Cremaster muscle (function)

Back 10

Cremaster muscle

ANATOMY:
(1) skeletal muscle
(2) part of the INTERNAL ABDOMINAL OBLIQUE

FUNCTION:
(1) its contraction DRAWS the testes CLOSER to the body
(2) which helps to REGULATE the temp of the testes

Front 11

Dartos Muscles (function)

Back 11

Dartos Muscles-

ANATOMY
(1) smooth muscle

FUNCTION:
(1) causes the scrotal skin to become TAUGHT & WRINKLED

Front 12

Development of the testes in the fetus

Back 12

Testes in the fetus:

(1) develop in the abdominal cavity
(2) before birth--descend into the scrotum

Front 13

Seminiferous tubules

Back 13

Seminiferous tubules-

ANATOMY
(1) microscopic tubes
(2) Packed inside the testes
(3) where SPERM are produced

Front 14

The path that sperm travels (initial production)

Back 14

Sperm travels

(1) through the RETE TESTIS
(2) efferent ductules
(3) epididymis

Front 15

Rete Testis

Back 15

Rete Testis-

a tubular network on the posterior side of the testis adjacent to the seminiferous tubules (p 1026)

Front 16

Efferent ductules

Back 16

Efferent ductules-

attached to the head of the Epididymus

Front 17

Epididymis

Back 17

Epididymis-

(1) C-shaped cap on the testis
(2) where sperm are STORED
(3) where sperm MATURES

Front 18

Path that sperm travels (during ejaculation)

Back 18

Sperm travel (during ejaculation)

(1) epididymis
(2) vas deferens
(3) abdominal cavity (thru inguinial canal;
(4) spermatic cord

Front 19

What does the Spermatic cord contain?

Back 19

Spermatic cord-

CONTAINS:
(1) testicular artery
(2) testicular vein
(3) lymphatic vessels

Front 20

Testicular arteries

Back 20

Testicular arteries

ANATOMY:
(1) branch from the abdominal aorta (gonadal arteries)

p 1026

Front 21

Testicular veins

Back 21

Testicular veins-

ANATOMY:
(1) arise from the pampiniform venous plexus
(2) surrounds each testicular artery like a climbing vine

FUNCTION
(1) drains the testes
(2) absorbs HEAT from the arterial blood
(3) cooling blood before it enters the testes
(4) keeps testes at their COOL homeostatic temp

Front 22

Vas deferens

Back 22

Vas deferens-("carrying away")

ANATOMY
(1) WIDENS at its terminus as the ampulla (in the abdominal cavity
(2) Joins the duct of the SEMINAL VESICLE to form the EJACULATORY DUCT

FUNCTION
(2) allows secretions from the seminal vesicle contribute to the volume of semen

Front 23

Ejaculatory duct

Back 23

Ejaculatory duct

ANATOMY
(1) enters the prostate gland
(2) joins the PROSTATIC URETHRA

Front 24

Prostate gland

Back 24

Prostate gland

ANATOMY
(1) just inferior of the bladder
(2) Accessory reproductive gland;

FUNCTION
(1) produces one-third of semen volume,
(2) including fluids that activate sperm.
(3) adds secretion to semen (makes it "milky")

Front 25

Urethra

Back 25

Urethra-

ANATOMY
(1) terminal portion of the male duct system
(2) extends from the urinary bladder and opens at the tip of the penis

FUNCTION
(1) conveys URINE & SEMEN

REGIONS:
(1) prostatic urethra (by prostate)
(2) membranous urethra (urogenital diaphragm)
(3) spongy urethra (in the penis)

Front 26

Bulbourethral glands

Back 26

Bulbourethral glands-

ANATOMY
(1) pea-sized; glands inferior to the prostate

FUNCTION:
(1) produce a THICK, clear mucus (lubricates glans during excitement)
(2) MUCUS NEUTRALIZE traces of acidic urine in urethra before ejaculation

Front 27

Penis (functions)

Back 27

Penis

FUNCTIONS
(1) serves as EXIT for urine
(2) erectile organ that delivers semen with its spermatozoa to the outside of the body

Front 28

Semen

Back 28

Semen-

a milky white, somewhat sticky mixture of (1) sperm, (2) testicular fluid (3) accessory gland secretions

Front 29

Semen (Components)

Back 29

COMPONENTS:

(1) NUTRIENTS (fructose) provides FUEL for sperm ATP synthesis
(2) PROSTAGLANDINS-decrease the viscosity of the mucus guarding the cervix;
(b) stimulates REVERSE peristalsis in the uterus-helps sperm motility
(3) ANTIBIOTIC CHEMICALS-helps kill bacteria in the vagina
(4) OTHER SUBSTANCES-helps suppress immune response in female
(5) RELAXIN (hormone) helps with sperm motility
(6) pH 7.3-7.7-helps neutralize ACID environment in urethra & vagina
(7) CLOTTING FACTORS-helps coagulate semen right after ejaculation so it doesn't fall out
(8) FIBRINOLYSIN-liquefies sticky mass to sperm can SWIM OUT

(p 1031)

Front 30

Ejaculation

Back 30

Ejaculation-Ejac ="shoot forth"

EVENTS
(1) internal urethral sphincter CLOSES the urinary bladder

(2) reproductive ducts & accessory glands contract & empty into the urethra

(3) Semen TRIGGERS a spinal reflex-makes penis undergo rapid series of contractions

p 1032