Ap U.s History Chapter 3 Vocab.

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J. Hector St. John Crevecoeur

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French-American writer who described America as a new man with priniciples,ideas, and opinions.

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immigrants

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Settlers from the English colonies came from Great Britain and other parts of Europe. They left for religious persecution and wars.

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English cultural domination

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Majority of the population were English in all ways. While African and European immigrants were creating cultural diversity among America.

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self-government

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Each colony had a government with a representative assembly. Rhode Island and Connecticut had a governor elected by the people.Other colonies were appointed by the crown or proprietor.

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religious toleration

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All colonies opposed the practice of different religions with little freedom in between. Massachusetts did not accept non-Christians and Catholics.Rhode Island was the more liberal.

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hereditary aristocracy

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Had a nobility that had special privileges and gained a valuable amount of wealth. Crafts people and farmers made up the majority of the commoners.

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social mobility

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Everyone in colonial society had the chance to better themselves through standard living and social status by doing hard work. African-Americans was a major exception.

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colonial families

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People were getting married at a young age. Most of the people lived on farms. The main role of the man was landowning and politics. While women bore children and performed household tasks.

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subsistence farming

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farming whose products are intended to provide for the basic needs of the farmer, with little surplus for marketing.

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established church

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a church that is recognized by law, and sometimes financially supported, as the official church of a nation.

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Great Awakening

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the series of religious revivals among Protestants in the American colonies, especially in New England, lasting from about 1725 to 1770.

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Jonathan Edwards

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1703-1758 was an American clergyman and theologian best known for the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God". Preached during the Great Awakening.

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George Whitefield

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1714-1770 English Methodist evangelist he influence a lot of New England Colonies during the Great Awakening. He taught that ordinary people who had faith and sincerity could understand the Christian gospels without depending on ministers to lead them.

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Georgian style

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Style of London was widely imitated in colonial house, churches, and public buildings.Brick and stucco homes were built in this style characterized by symmetrical placement of windows.

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Benjamin West

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U.S painter in England after 1763. He went to England to acquire the necessary training and financial support to establish himself as a prominent artist.

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John Copley

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1738-1815, U.S Painter, He went to England to acquire the necessary training and financial support to establish himself as a prominent artist.

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Cotton Mather

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Massachusetts minister who was widely wrote about.

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Benjamin Franklin

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1760-1790 was an American statesman, diplomat, author, scientist, and inventor. His pioneering work with electricity and his more practical developments of bifocal eyeglasses and the Franklin stove brought him international fame.

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Poor Richard's Almanack

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A best-selling book from the author Benjamin Franklin about witty aphorisms that was annually revised from 1732 to 1757.

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Phillis Wheatley

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Her poetry is noteworthy both for her triumph over slavery and the quality of her verse.

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John Bartram

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A scientist and a botanist from Philadelphia who was self-taught.

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sectarian; nonsectarian

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1. narrowly confined or devoted to a particular sect. 2. not affiliated with or limited to a specific religious denomination.

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professions: religion: medicine, law

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1. a vocation requiring knowledge of some department of learning or science. 2. the practice of religious beliefs. 3. any substance or substances used in treating disease or illness; medicament; remedy. 4. a system or collection of such rules.

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John Peter Zenger; libel case

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1697-1746, American journalist, printer, and publisher, born in Germany: his libel trial and eventual acquittal (1735) set a precedent for establishing freedom of the press in America. 2. the communication of a statement that makes a claim, expressly stated or implied to be factual.

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Andrew Hamilton

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Zenger's lawyer argued that his client had printed the truth about the governor.

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colonial governors

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An official appointed to govern a colony or territory.

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colonial legislatures

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the legislative body of any of the 13 colonies.

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town meetings

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a legislative assembly of the qualified voters of a town

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county government

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Administrative authorities over areas smaller than the colonies or state.

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limited democracy

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A form of government in which people collectively make decisions for themselves, rather than having their political affairs decided by representatives.