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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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As a result of the successful domestication of maize (corn), beans, and squash, some Native Americans
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gained greater control over their environments.
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In what is now Mexico, the Aztecs, Toltecs, and Mayas
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developed advanced cultures prior to European contact.
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The result of the deadly diseases brought to the New World by Europeans was
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an extremely high mortality rate among the natives, destroying the culture of many tribes.
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What was not a reason for the rise of European exploration and trade?
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availability of cheaper land
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A Fifteenth-century European development that stimulated later exploration included
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the rise of nation-states.
the development of new naval technology. an increase in trade. |
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The encomienda was
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a royal grant of Indian labor and land to conquistadores in return for their protection and guidance.
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In Canada, the French colonial empire was
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based primarily on the fur trade.
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The English and Spanish colonial systems differed in that
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the English efforts were privately funded, while the Spanish colonies were supported by the crown.
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To keep the dream of America alive, Richard Hakluyt
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interviewed explorers and propagandized their stories in a book.
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What is true regarding the English colonization of Ireland?
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The experience served as a model for England's later colonization of America.
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John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) primarily wanted to
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find the northwest passage for England.
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In his attempt to settle the Roanoke colony, Sir Walter Ralegh found that
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inadequate financing and difficulty in communication and supplies doomed the project.
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The key to the success of Protestantism in England was
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widely popular anticlericalism.
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The religious settlement of Elizabeth I
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made the Church of England Catholic in organization and ceremony, but Protestant in doctrines.
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The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588
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totally destroyed the Spanish fleet.
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The arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere had little impact on the lives of the native inhabitants.
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False
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Europeans were successful in teaching Native Americans to adopt European culture.
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False
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Columbus greatly underestimated the distance from Spain westward to Asia.
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True
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Montezuma was briefly indecisive because he thought the Spanish might have been messengers from the god Quetzalcoatl.
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True
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Cortes easily defeated the Aztec empire.
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True
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The Spanish colonies received little or no support from the government in Madrid.
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False
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The Act of Supremacy of 1534 made the Catholic Church supreme in England.
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False
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The English planted semi-military colonies in Ireland in the 1560s and 1570s.
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True
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Native American farmers grew corn, squash, and __________.
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beans
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Most tribes located on the Atlantic Coast of North America belonged to a linguistic group known as __________.
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the Eastern Woodlands Tribal Group
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Eric the Red's son, Leif, established a small settlement in North America in the tenth century called__________.
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Greenland
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More maneuverable ships built in the fifteenth century with a new type of sail were called __________.
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caravels
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The __________, invented at some time in the 1430s by Johann Gutenberg, aided the spread of new knowledge.
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printing press
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In 1494, Pope Alexander VI divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal by issuing the __________.
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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The kings of Spain rewarded successful conquistadores with a grant of the labor of an Indian village. This grant was called an __________.
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ecomienda
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The __________ were the first Europeans to exploit Africa for slaves.
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Portuguese
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The creation of powerful __________ in Europe contributed to the advent of the age of exploration.
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nation-states
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The teachings of John Calvin, especially the doctrine of predestination, contributed to the development of a religious group known as the __________ who would become instrumental in the settlement of North America.
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Puritans
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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Treaty negotiated by the pope in 1494 to resolve competing land claims of Spain and Portugal in the New World. It divided the world along a north-south line in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, granting Spain all lands west of the line and Portugal all lands east of the line.
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Econmienda
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An exploitative labor system designed by Spanish rulers to reward conquistadores in the New World by granting them local villages and control over native labor.
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Columbian Exchange
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An exchange of plants, animals, culture, and diseases between Europe and the Americas from first contact thoughout the era of exploration.
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Renaissance
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A cultural awakening that began in Italy and spread throughout Europein the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This powerfuland humanistic movement encouraged creativityand a spirit of inquiry and brought forth new forms of artistic expression and political theories.
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conquistadores
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Sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers, often noble by birth, who subdued the Native Americansand created the Spanish Empire in the New World.
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Prodestant Reformation
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Sixteenth-century religious movement to reform and challenge the spiritual authority of the Roman Catholic Church, associated with figures such as Martin Luther and John Calvin.
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Agricultural Revolution
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The gradual shift from hunting and gathering tocultivating basic food crops that occurred worldwidefrom 7,000to 9,000 years ago. The transition resulted in sedetary living, population growth, and establishment of permenant villages.
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The __________ were the first Europeans to exploit Africa for slaves.
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Portuguese
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The creation of powerful __________ in Europe contributed to the advent of the age of exploration.
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nation-states
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The teachings of John Calvin, especially the doctrine of predestination, contributed to the development of a religious group known as the __________ who would become instrumental in the settlement of North America.
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Puritans
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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Treaty negotiated by the pope in 1494 to resolve competing land claims of Spain and Portugal in the New World. It divided the world along a north-south line in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, granting Spain all lands west of the line and Portugal all lands east of the line.
|
|
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Econmienda
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An exploitative labor system designed by Spanish rulers to reward conquistadores in the New World by granting them local villages and control over native labor.
|
|
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Columbian Exchange
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An exchange of plants, animals, culture, and diseases between Europe and the Americas from first contact thoughout the era of exploration.
|
|
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Renaissance
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A cultural awakening that began in Italy and spread throughout Europein the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This powerfuland humanistic movement encouraged creativityand a spirit of inquiry and brought forth new forms of artistic expression and political theories.
|
|
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conquistadores
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Sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers, often noble by birth, who subdued the Native Americansand created the Spanish Empire in the New World.
|
|
|
Prodestant Reformation
|
Sixteenth-century religious movement to reform and challenge the spiritual authority of the Roman Catholic Church, associated with figures such as Martin Luther and John Calvin.
|
|
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Agricultural Revolution
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The gradual shift from hunting and gathering tocultivating basic food crops that occurred worldwidefrom 7,000to 9,000 years ago. The transition resulted in sedetary living, population growth, and establishment of permenant villages.
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In colonizing North America, the English monarchs
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followed no central plan and granted charters and proprietorships for a variety of reasons.
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The flow of immigrants to the English colonies in the seventeenth century
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was determined by political upheaval, religious persecution, and economic recession.
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By founding a colony in North America, the London Company (later the Virginia Company) initially wanted to
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make profits through the discovery of gold and silver.
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In the early days of the Virginia colony, the settlers
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preferred searching for gold to farming or guarding the settlement.
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The solution to the economic problems of Virginia was
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the cultivation of tobacco.
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The Lords Baltimore viewed their colonizing project as
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a haven for English Catholics.
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Pilgrims, or Separatists, left the Anglican Church because they
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felt that it was still influenced too much by Catholic elements.
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The colony of New York
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was originally settled by the Dutch and was then taken over by the English.
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The economy of Carolina was
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at first diverse in agriculture and then became dependent on rice as a staple.
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The seventeenth-century English colonies
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had few common traits other than their loyalty to the monarch.
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In the seventeenth century, the colonists in Massachusetts were more successful than Virginia's
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in adopting a concept of corporate or community welfare.
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The lives of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson indicate that
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Massachusetts Bay faced difficulties in creating the perfect society in America.
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In Massachusetts, the electorate consisted of
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all adult male members of a Congregational Church.
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William Penn's Frame of Government for his colony
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was based on the ideas of James Harrington.
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The government of the Carolinas
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was conceived by the Earl of Shaftesbury with help from John Locke.
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