A&p Test #2

Front 1

many layers of cells, surface cells are flat; lower cells rounded; lower layer undergoes mitosis

epidermis, lining of esophagus, vagin

Back 1

stratified squamous epithelium

Front 2

one layer of cubed shaped cells
thyroid gland secrets thyroxine
salivary glands secretes saliva
kidney tubles permits reabsorstion

Back 2

cuboidal epithelium

Front 3

many layers of cells; surface cells cange from rounded to flat
lining of uninary bladder permits expansion without tearing

Back 3

transitional epithelium

Front 4

one layer of colum shaped cells
lining of stomach secrets gastic juices
lining of samll intestine secretes enzymes and absorbs products of digestion

Back 4

columnar epithelium

Front 5

one layer of flat cells
alveoli of the lungs thin permits diffustion
capillaries thin to permit exhanges of material

Back 5

simple squamous epithielum

Front 6

one layer of columnar cells with cilia on their free surfaces
ling of tracha sweeps mucus and and dust to the pharynx
lining of fallopian tube sweeps ovum toward uterus

Back 6

ciliated

Front 7

ichthy/o

Back 7

dry, scaly

Front 8

horny tissue, hard cornea

Back 8

kerat/o

Front 9

milk

Back 9

lact/o

Front 10

breast

Back 10

mamm/o
mast/o

Front 11

hidden

Back 11

crypt/o

Front 12

fat

Back 12

adip/o
lip/o
steat/o

Front 13

gland

Back 13

aden/o

Front 14

skin

Back 14

cutane/o
dermat/o
derm/o

Front 15

dry

Back 15

xer/o

Front 16

nail

Back 16

onych/o
ungu/o

Front 17

hair

Back 17

pil/o
trich/o

Front 18

hardening

Back 18

scler/o

Front 19

scaly

Back 19

squam/o

Front 20

nipple

Back 20

thel/o

Front 21

fungus

Back 21

myc/o

Front 22

sweat

Back 22

hidr/o

Front 23

under, below

Back 23

hypo-
sub-

Front 24

excessive, above, normal

Back 24

hyper-

Front 25

above, upon

Back 25

epi-

Front 26

cell

Back 26

-cyte

Front 27

skin

Back 27

-derma

Front 28

record

Back 28

-gram

Front 29

instrument for recording

Back 29

-graph

Front 30

treatment

Back 30

-therapy

Front 31

study of

Back 31

-logy

Front 32

specialist in the study of

Back 32

-logist

Front 33

process of recording

Back 33

-graphy

Front 34

small tapered cells with no striation and one nucleus each
location- walls of arteries
function- maintains blood pressure
peristlaisis
regulates size of pupils
effect of nerve impluses bring about contraction involintary

Back 34

smooth

Front 35

large cylindrical cells with striations and several nuclei each
location attached to bone
function moves the skeleton and produces heat
effect of nerve impulses, essential to cause contraction
volintary

Back 35

skeletal

Front 36

branched cells with faint striations and one nucleus each
location walls of chambers of the heart
function pumps blood
effect of nerve impulses regulate only the rate of contraction

Back 36

cardiac

Front 37

osteocytes in a matrix of calcium salts and collagen
location bones
function support the body

Back 37

bone

Front 38

adipocytes that store fat
location subcutanous
function stores excess energy around eyes and kidneys

Back 38

adipose

Front 39

mostly collagen fibers with few fibroblast
location tendons and ligaments
function strong to withstand forces of movement of joints

Back 39

fibrous

Front 40

chondrocytes in a flexible protein matrix
location wall of trachea
function keeps airway open on joint surfaces of bones

Back 40

cartilage

Front 41

mostly eslastin fibers with few fibroblasts
location walls of large arteries
functions helps maintain blood pressure around alfeoli in lungs

Back 41

elastic

Front 42

plasma and red blood cess, white blood cells and platlets
location within blood vessels
function plasma transport material
rbcs carry oxygen
wbcs destroy pathogens
platlets prevents blood loss

Back 42

blood

Front 43

fiberblasts and matrix of tissue, fluid, cllagen, elastin fibers
location subcutaneous
functions connects skin to muscle

Back 43

areolar

Front 44

smaill crackline sore or break exposing the dermis usually red
athletes foot, cheilosis

Back 44

fissure

Front 45

elevated lesion containing pus that may be sterile or contaminated with bacteria small abcess on the skin
acne pustular psoriasis

Back 45

pustule

Front 46

loss of epidermis and dermis within a distinct border
pressure sore basal cell carcinoma

Back 46

ulcer

Front 47

flat discolored bed lesion of size
freckle flat mole

Back 47

macule

Front 48

solid elevated lesion
nerves warts pimple

Back 48

papule

Front 49

is made of calcium and collagen and is strong, hard and not flexible

Back 49

bone

Front 50

found on the joint surfaces of bone where it is smooth, helps prevent friction

Back 50

cartilage

Front 51

within the cartilage matrix, there are no capillaries within the cartilage matrix so these cells are nourished by diffusion the the matrix a slow process

Back 51

chondrocyte

Front 52

is the protein that makes tendons, ligaments and other connective tissure strong. vitiam c plays a role in the synthesis

Back 52

collagen

Front 53

there are several kinds some which amy at first seem more different than alike
they include areolar, adipose, firous, and elsstic tissue as well as bone blood and cartilage

Back 53

connective tissue

Front 54

ductless gland, group of chemical called hormones which enter capillaries and are circulated throughout the body
exp thyroid gland, adrenal and pituitary

Back 54

endocrine gland

Front 55

fibers are elastic
able to return to their origianl leenght or recoil after being streched

Back 55

elastin

Front 56

found on surfaces as covering or lining they have no capillaries of their own, they recieve oxygen and nutreients from the blood supply of the connective tisue beneath them

Back 56

epithelial tissue

Front 57

have ducts to take secretions away from the gland to the site of its function exp salivary gland

Back 57

exocrine gland

Front 58

red bone marrow and lympatic tissue which includes the spleen and lymph nodes

Back 58

hemopoietic tissue

Front 59

structual network or solution of nonliving intercellural material

Back 59

matrix

Front 60

line the body tracts that have openings to the enviroment
respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive

Back 60

musous membrane

Front 61

specialized for contraction

Back 61

muscle tissue

Front 62

forms the walls of the chambers of the heart

Back 62

myocardium

Front 63

functions include sensation, movement, the rapid regulation of body sunctiuon such as heart rate and breathing and the organization of information for learning and memory

Back 63

nerve tissue

Front 64

capable of generating and transmitting electrochemical impulses

Back 64

neurons

Front 65

transmits impluses acress synapses chemicals are released by anons

Back 65

neurotransmitter

Front 66

bone cell

Back 66

osteocyte

Front 67

52 to 62% total blood volume

Back 67

plasma

Front 68

the production and release of a cellular product with a useful purpose

Back 68

secretion

Front 69

sheets of simple squamous epithelium that line some closed body cavities

Back 69

serous membrane

Front 70

small space which an electrical impluse cannot cross

Back 70

synapse

Front 71

cells or organs that secrete or produce a substance that has a function either at that site or at more distant site

Back 71

glands

Front 72

carry oxygen bonded to their hemoglobins

Back 72

red blood cells

Front 73

destoy pathogens and provid us with immunity to some diseases

Back 73

white blood cells

Front 74

prevent blood loss the process of blood clotting

Back 74

platelets

Front 75

store fat in microscopic droplets, true fate are the chemical form of long term energy storage

Back 75

adipose tissue

Front 76

sheets of tissue that cover or line surfaces or seperate organs

Back 76

membranes

Front 77

serous membranes of the thoracic cavity

Back 77

pleural membranes

Front 78

line the chest wall

Back 78

parietal pleura

Front 79

cover the lungs

Back 79

visceral pleura

Front 80

prevents friction between them as the lungs expand and recoil during breathing

Back 80

serous fluid

Front 81

contains the nucleus

Back 81

cell body

Front 82

cellular process, carries impulses away from the cell

Back 82

axon

Front 83

carry impulses toward the cell

Back 83

dendrites

Front 84

small arteries , smooth muscle in the walls permits them to consctrict or dialate, important in maintenance of body temp, blood carries heat which is a form of energy

Back 84

arterioles

Front 85

located at the dermis of the ear canal, secretion is call cerumen or ear wax

Back 85

ceruminous gland

Front 86

found all over the body but especiall numerous on the forehead, upper lip, palms, and soles

Back 86

eccrine sweat glands

Front 87

made of stratified squamous deratinzing epithlial tissue and is thickes on the palms and soles

Back 87

epidermis

Front 88

made of epidermal tissue and the growth process of the epidermis

Back 88

hair follicle

Front 89

base of the hair follicle which contain cells called the matrix where mitosis takes place

Back 89

hair root

Front 90

proteins produced by epidermal cells found in the epidermis hair, and nails

Back 90

keratin

Front 91

pigment, in all people it increases by exposure to the ultraviolet rays

Back 91

melanin

Front 92

found in the lower epidermis

Back 92

melanocyte

Front 93

found on the end or finger or toes, mitosis takes place on the nail root and the new cells produce keratin and die

Back 93

nail follicle

Front 94

uneven junction of the dermis with the epidermis

Back 94

papillary layer

Front 95

open to the hair follicle or directly to the skin surface, the secretion is sebum

Back 95

sebaceous gland

Front 96

the outermost eidermal layer, consists of many layer of dead cells

Back 96

stratum germinativum

Front 97

superficial facsia, one of the connective membranes, connects ther dermis to the underlying muscles

Back 97

subcutaneous tissue

Front 98

decreases the flow of blood through the dermis and deep heat within the core of the body, this can also occur during stressfull situations it will shunt or redirect blood to more vital organs such as the muscles, heart and brain

Back 98

vasoconstriction

Front 99

increases blood flow through the dermis and bings excess heat close to the body surface to be radiated to the enviroment

Back 99

vasodialition

Front 100

what are the 2 layers of skin

Back 100

epidermis and dermis

Front 101

they originate in the bone marrowand are quite mobile, they are able to phagocytize foeign material such as bacteria that enter the body through breaks in the skin

Back 101

Langerhans cells

Front 102

superficial epidermis is burned, painful but not blistered

Back 102

1st degree burn

Front 103

deeper layer of the epidermis are affected the damaged cells release a histamine which makes capillaries more permeable, creates blister

Back 103

2nd degree burn

Front 104

entire epidermis is charred or burned away, receptors have been destroyed and potentially life threatning

Back 104

3rd degree burn

Front 105

receptors for pain heat and cold

Back 105

free nerve ending

Front 106

receptor for touch and pressure

Back 106

encpsulated nerve endings

Front 107

most numerous int he axillae and genital area and are most active in stress and emotional situations

Back 107

apocrine gland

Front 108

pressure ulcer the skin is compressed between the object outside

Back 108

decubitus ulcer