A&p Terminology

Front 1

Integumentary System

Back 1

hair, skin, nails, sweat glands (functions to protect body from damage, control body temperature, impede loss of water, assist in production of vitamin D)

Hint 1

Protects body from damage...

Front 2

Skeletal System

Back 2

bones, related cartilage, joints, ligaments (framework of the body; lends support, protection, creates blood cells, permits movement, and provides storage for fat and minerals).

Hint 2

Framework of the body

Front 3

Muscular System

Back 3

muscles and tendons (facilitate movement, generate body heat, and sustain posture).

Hint 3

Facilitate movement

Front 4

Lymphatic System

Back 4

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, various organs (eliminates foreign materials from circulation, fight illness, regulate tissue fluid level, absorbs fatty acids contained in the digestive tract).

Hint 4

Keeps you healthy

Front 5

Respiratory System

Back 5

lungs, airways, respiratory muscles (exchanges molecules of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the external environment and the blood. Also maintains blood pH).

Hint 5

Breathing

Front 6

Digestive System

Back 6

mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and various organs (mechanical and chemical digestion of food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling waste products from the body).

Hint 6

Eating

Front 7

Nervous System

Back 7

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors (sensory perception, exercising control over body movement, cognitive reasoning, and vast array of physiological processes).

Hint 7

Thinking

Front 8

Endocrine System

Back 8

pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, and glands (release of hormones; influences growth and development, metabolism, reproduction, and other physiological processes).

Hint 8

Growth & development

Front 9

Cardiovascular System

Back 9

heart, blood vessels, blood (utilizes blood as vehicle; distributes gases, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. Also helps with immune response and body temperature maintenance).

Hint 9

Blood as a vehicle

Front 10

Urinary System

Back 10

kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, and urethra (maintain blood pH, regulate water balance, expel waste products from blood).

Hint 10

Regulate water/maintenance

Front 11

Reproductive System

Back 11

The female reproductive system includes ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, vagina, and other structures (produces oocytes, provides location for fertilization and fetal development. Also produces hormones which facilitate lactation and sexual behaviors and functions). The male reproductive system includes the penis, testes, various other structures (production of sperm cells and hormones which facilitate sexual behaviors and functions).

Hint 11

Ew

Front 12

Superior

Back 12

Above

Hint 12

head > feet

Front 13

Inferior

Back 13

Below

Hint 13

feet > head

Front 14

Cephalic

Back 14

relative term meaning nearer to the head

Hint 14

collar bone is cephalic to the sternum

Front 15

Caudal

Back 15

relative term meaning nearer to the tail

Hint 15

sternum is caudal to the collar bone

Front 16

Anterior

Back 16

toward the front of the body

Hint 16

the nose is anterior to the brain

Front 17

Posterior

Back 17

toward the back of the body

Hint 17

the brain is posterior to the nose

Front 18

Ventral

Back 18

toward the belly; equivalent to anterior

Hint 18

the breast is ventral to the spine

Front 19

Dorsal

Back 19

toward the back; equivalent to posterior

Hint 19

the spine is dorsal to the breast

Front 20

Proximal

Back 20

nearer to point of reference or attachment

Hint 20

the shoulder is proximal to the elbow or the elbow is proximal to the wrist

Front 21

Distal

Back 21

farther away from a point of reference or attachment

Hint 21

the elbow is distal to the shoulder or the wrist is distal to the elbow

Front 22

Lateral

Back 22

away from the median plane of the body

Hint 22

the shoulder is lateral to the head or the ear is lateral to the brain

Front 23

Medial

Back 23

toward median plane of the body

Hint 23

the head is medial to the shoulder or the nose is medial to the cheek

Front 24

Superficial

Back 24

toward, at, or pertaining to the surface

Hint 24

the skin is superficial to the muscles

Front 25

Deep

Back 25

away from or below the surface

Hint 25

the muscles are deep to the skin

Front 26

a- or an-

Back 26

without or lacking

Hint 26

anorexia

Front 27

ab-

Back 27

away from

Hint 27

abduct

Front 28

ad-

Back 28

toward or adjacent to

Hint 28

adduct

Front 29

anti-

Back 29

against, opposed, or inhibitive

Hint 29

antihistamine

Front 30

arthr-

Back 30

joint

Hint 30

arthroscopy

Front 31

auto-

Back 31

self

Hint 31

autoimmune disease

Front 32

bi-

Back 32

two

Hint 32

biceps

Front 33

bio-

Back 33

life

Hint 33

biology

Front 34

carcin-

Back 34

cancer or tumor

Hint 34

carcinogen

Front 35

cardio-

Back 35

heart

Hint 35

cardiology

Front 36

cephal-

Back 36

head

Hint 36

encephalitis

Front 37

cerebro-

Back 37

brain

Hint 37

CVA or cerebrovascular accident

Front 38

chondr-

Back 38

cartilage

Hint 38

chondrogenesis

Front 39

circum-

Back 39

around or round about

Hint 39

circumcision

Front 40

co-

Back 40

with or together

Hint 40

cofactor

Front 41

contra-

Back 41

against or in opposition to

Hint 41

contraindication

Front 42

derm-

Back 42

skin

Hint 42

dermatologist

Front 43

di-

Back 43

two

Hint 43

disaccharide

Front 44

dys-

Back 44

difficult or abnormal

Hint 44

dyslexia

Front 45

ecto-

Back 45

outside or external

Hint 45

ectopic

Front 46

-ectomy

Back 46

to excise or cut out

Hint 46

cholecystectomy

Front 47

endo-

Back 47

inside or within

Hint 47

endocardium

Front 48

epi-

Back 48

upon or above

Hint 48

epidermis

Front 49

erythro-

Back 49

red

Hint 49

erythrocyte

Front 50

eu-

Back 50

well, good, or true

Hint 50

eukaryote

Front 51

ex-

Back 51

out of or outside

Hint 51

excretion

Front 52

glyco-

Back 52

sweet or sugar

Hint 52

glycogenolysis

Front 53

hemi-

Back 53

half

Hint 53

hemipalegia

Front 54

hepat-

Back 54

liver

Hint 54

hepatocyte

Front 55

hist-

Back 55

tissue

Hint 55

histology

Front 56

hydro-

Back 56

water or liquid

Hint 56

hydrocele

Front 57

hyper-

Back 57

in excess

Hint 57

hyperglycemia

Front 58

hypo-

Back 58

below normal or under

Hint 58

hypoglycemia

Front 59

infra-

Back 59

beneath or underneath

Hint 59

infrapatellar

Front 60

inter-

Back 60

between

Hint 60

interosseous

Front 61

intra-

Back 61

within or inside of

Hint 61

intramuscular

Front 62

iso-

Back 62

equal

Hint 62

isotope

Front 63

leuko-

Back 63

white

Hint 63

leukoplakia

Front 64

macro-

Back 64

large

Hint 64

macrophage

Front 65

melano-

Back 65

black

Hint 65

melanoma

Front 66

micro-

Back 66

small

Hint 66

microscope

Front 67

mono-

Back 67

one

Hint 67

monosaccharide

Front 68

multi-

Back 68

many or multiple

Hint 68

multicellular

Front 69

myo-

Back 69

muscle

Hint 69

myocardial infarction

Front 70

neo-

Back 70

new

Hint 70

neovascularization

Front 71

nephro-

Back 71

kidney

Hint 71

cystic nephron

Front 72

neuro-

Back 72

nerve

Hint 72

neuroglia

Front 73

oculo-

Back 73

eye

Hint 73

ocular

Front 74

odonto-

Back 74

tooth

Hint 74

orthodontist

Front 75

oligo-

Back 75

deficient or few

Hint 75

oligochromemia

Front 76

opthalm-

Back 76

eye

Hint 76

ophthalmology

Front 77

osteo-

Back 77

bone

Hint 77

osteoporosis

Front 78

oto-

Back 78

ear

Hint 78

otology

Front 79

para-

Back 79

alongside or beyond

Hint 79

parathyroid glands

Front 80

peri-

Back 80

around

Hint 80

pericardium

Front 81

pneumo-

Back 81

air or gas; pertaining to the lungs

Hint 81

pneumonia

Front 82

pod-

Back 82

foot

Hint 82

podiatrist

Front 83

poly-

Back 83

many or much

Hint 83

polyarticular

Front 84

post-

Back 84

behind or after

Hint 84

post-traumatic

Front 85

pre- or pro-

Back 85

prior to or in front of

Hint 85

prehypertension

Front 86

pseudo-

Back 86

false

Hint 86

pseudostratified epithelium

Front 87

sarco

Back 87

flesh

Hint 87

sarcomere

Front 88

semi-

Back 88

half or partially

Hint 88

semipermeable

Front 89

sclero-

Back 89

Hard

Hint 89

scleroderma

Front 90

somato-

Back 90

body

Hint 90

somatic

Front 91

steno-

Back 91

narrow or close

Hint 91

aortic stenosis (stent)

Front 92

sub-

Back 92

below or under

Hint 92

subclavian

Front 93

sym- or syn-

Back 93

with or together

Hint 93

symphysis pubis and synchondrosis

Front 94

tachy-

Back 94

fast or rapid

Hint 94

tachycardia

Front 95

trans-

Back 95

across or through

Hint 95

transcutaneous

Front 96

viscer-

Back 96

pertaining to internal organs

Hint 96

visceral fat

Front 97

-able

Back 97

capable of

Hint 97

teachable

Front 98

-algia

Back 98

pain

Hint 98

fibromyalgia

Front 99

-blast

Back 99

bud, usually referring to cells which are primitive in nature

Hint 99

Chondroblast

Front 100

-clast

Back 100

pertaining to breaking or tearing down

Hint 100

osteoclast

Front 101

-cyte

Back 101

cell

Hint 101

hepatocyte

Front 102

-duct

Back 102

to lead or draw

Hint 102

adduct and abduct

Front 103

-emia

Back 103

blood

Hint 103

leukemia

Front 104

-genesis

Back 104

origin or production

Hint 104

glycogenesis

Front 105

-gram

Back 105

A drawing

Hint 105

sonogram

Front 106

-graph

Back 106

instrument used to record

Hint 106

angiography

Front 107

-itis

Back 107

inflammation

Hint 107

tonsilitis

Front 108

-logy

Back 108

study of

Hint 108

cardiology

Front 109

-lysis

Back 109

to break down or decompose

Hint 109

glycogenolysis

Front 110

-oid

Back 110

resembling

Hint 110

arachnoid mater

Front 111

-oma

Back 111

tumor

Hint 111

carcinoma

Front 112

-pathy

Back 112

disease or disorder

Hint 112

cardiomyopathy

Front 113

-phag

Back 113

to eat or to feed

Hint 113

phagocytosis

Front 114

-phil

Back 114

to love or have an affinity for

Hint 114

hydrophilic

Front 115

-stasis

Back 115

stop or stable state

Hint 115

homeostasis

Front 116

-stomy

Back 116

surgical procedure in which an artificial opening is established

Hint 116

colostomy