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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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zygote
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fertilized egg
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cleavage
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numerous cell divisions no cellular growth
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holoblastic cleavage
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the entire egg divides
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meroblastic cleavage
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the egg divides only in a small area where the original nucleus was located
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morula
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a solid ball of cells possesing no central cavity (cell growth has taken place)
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embryo
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what an organism is called in its early stages of development
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blastula
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hollow ball
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blastocoel
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central cavity of blastula
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gastrula
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stage of embryonic dev. where a side of the blastula begins to push inward
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blastopore
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opening to the gastrocoel
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fetus
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occurs after an embryo and prior to birth
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ectoderm
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cells on outside of body
sense organs CNS |
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endoderm
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part of digestive tract
part of respiratory tract inferior parts of urinary system |
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mesoderm
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the skeleton
muscles circulatory system reproductive system superior parts of urinary system |
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chorion (membrane of embryo)
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outer membrane, gives rise to placenta
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amnion (membrane of embryo)
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thin membrane, amniotic fluid serves as shock absorber for the embryo
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allantois (membrane of embryo)
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blood vessels of the allantois help form umbilical cord
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osteoblast
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an immature bone cell
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osteocyte
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a mature bone cell
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what is responsible for secreting matrix
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osteoblast
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concentric rings of osteoblasts
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form around blood vessels in developing bone
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what is hardened matrix
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osteocyte
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eat old bone tissue
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osteoclast
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matrix
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any intercellular substance that is secreted by the cell
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ossification
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process by which bones are formed
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3 ways bones are created
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1. achondral- no carilage
2. exochondral- bone replace carilage from outside in 3. endochondral- bone replace cartilage from inside out |
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phagocytosis
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process by which cartilage is removed
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periosteum
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tough connective tissue surrounding most bones
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lacuna
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pocket around osteocyte formed by intercellular matrix hardening
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haversian system
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concentric rings of lacuna containing osteocytes surrounding a haversian canal
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lamellae
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"thick" concentric rings of bone tissue (b/t lacuna)
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haversian canal
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connected transversly thru volkmann's canal
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bones in body
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about 206
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compact bone
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dense arrangement of bony tissue
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spongy bone
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construcion of many small, splinter like irregular rods
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5 functions of skeletal system
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1. support
2. protection 3. muscle attachment/leverage 4. blood formation 5. mineral salt storage |
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epiphasis
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expanded portion at end of long bones
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diaphysis
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shaft portion of bones
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red marrow
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functions in RBC & some WBC formation
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white marrow
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functions as fat storage tissue
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epiphyseal plate
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growth plate
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aponeurosis
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a wide, flat, sheet-like tendon
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fibrous membrane
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helps to hold the joint together
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synovial membrane
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secrets synovial fluid
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synovial fluid
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lubricates joints to reduce friction also nourishes articular cartilage
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