Ap Psych Unit 10

Front 1

an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

Back 1

Personality

Front 2

in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

Back 2

Free Association

Front 3

Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

Back 3

Psychoanalysis

Front 4

according to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware

Back 4

Unconscious

Front 5

a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification.

Back 5

Id

Front 6

the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id and superego. Operates on the reality principle.

Back 6

Ego

Front 7

part of the personality that according to Freud represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations

Back 7

Superego

Front 8

the childhood stages of development during which according to Freud, the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones

Back 8

Psychosexual Stages

Front 9

according to Freud, a boy's sexual desires for his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father

Back 9

Oedipus Complex

Front 10

the process by which, according to Freud, children incorporate their parent's values into their developing superegos

Back 10

Identification

Front 11

according to Freud, children incorporate their parents values into their developing superegos

Back 11

Fixation

Front 12

in psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Back 12

Defense Mechanisms

Front 13

in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.

Back 13

Repression

Front 14

psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixed.

Back 14

Regression

Front 15

psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulse into their opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.

Back 15

Reaction Formation

Front 16

psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.

Back 16

Projection

Front 17

psychoanalytic defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reason for one's actions.

Back 17

Rationalization

Front 18

psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet.

Back 18

Displacement

Front 19

psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people re-channel their unacceptable impulsives into socially approved activities

Back 19

Sublimation

Front 20

psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even to perceive painful realities.

Back 20

Denial

Front 21

Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history.

Back 21

Collective Unconscious

Front 22

a personality test, such as the Rorschach or TAT, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics.

Back 22

Projective Test

Front 23

a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes.

Back 23

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Front 24

the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Rorschach, seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots.

Back 24

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Front 25

a theory of death-related anxiety, explores people's emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death.

Back 25

Terror-Management Theory

Front 26

according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychosocial needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill ones' potential.

Back 26

Self-Actualization

Front 27

according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person.

Back 27

Unconditional Positive Regard

Front 28

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in an answer to the question, "Who am I?"

Back 28

Self-Concept

Front 29

a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

Back 29

Trait

Front 30

a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors, used to assess selected personality traits.

Back 30

Personality Inventory

Front 31

the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders, this test is now used for many other screening positions.

Back 31

MMPI

Front 32

a test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.

Back 32

Empirically Derived Test

Front 33

views behavior as influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment.

Back 33

Social-Cognitive Perspective

Front 34

the extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless.

Back 34

Personal Control

Front 35

the perception that chance your outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate.

Back 35

External Locus Of Control

Front 36

the perception that you can control your fate.

Back 36

Internal Locus Of Control

Front 37

the scientific study of optimal functioning, aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.

Back 37

Positive Psychology

Front 38

in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings and actions

Back 38

Self

Front 39

overestimating other's noticing and evaluating our appearance, importance, and blunders.

Back 39

Spotlight Effect

Front 40

one's feelings of high or low self worth.

Back 40

Self-Esteem

Front 41

a readiness to perceive oneself favorably.

Back 41

Self-Serving Bias

Front 42

giving priority to one's own goals to over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.

Back 42

Individualism

Front 43

giving priority to the goals of one's group and defining one's identity accordingly.

Back 43

Collectivism