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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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intelligence test
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a method for assessing an indiv.'s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
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mental age
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a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year old is saidto have a mental age of 8
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standford-binet
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the widely used American revision of Binet's original intelligence test.
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intelligence quotient(iq)
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defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronilogical age (ca) multiplied by 100 ( IQ= ma/ca x100). on the contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
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intelligence
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mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
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factor analysis
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a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items(called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one's total score
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general intelligence (g)
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a general intelligence factor that spearman and others believed underlies specific mental abilites and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
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savant syndrome
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a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
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emotional intelligence
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the ability to percieve, express, understand, and regulate emotions.
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creativity
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the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
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aptitude test
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a test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn
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Achievement Test
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A test designed to assess what a person has learned.
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
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the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.
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Standardization
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Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested "standardization group"
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Normal Curve
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The symmetrical belt-shaped curve that descrivbes the distrubution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.
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Reliability
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The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.
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Validity
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The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. (See also content validity and predictive validity.)
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Content Validity
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The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest (such as a driving test that samples driving tasks.)
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Criterion
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The behavior (such as college grades) that a test (such as the SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity.
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Predictive Validity
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The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.)
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Mental Retardation
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A condition of limited mental abiluty, indicated by an intelligence score below 70 and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound.
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Down Syndrome
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A condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup.
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Stereotype Threat
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A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.
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