A&p I Lab Final

Front 1

What are the names of the valves in the stomach and what do they do?

Back 1

The gastroesophageal sphincter, which controls passage of food to the stomach; the pyloric sphincter controls the passage of food to the duodenum.

Front 2

What is the greater omentum and what does it do?

Back 2

One of the two mesentaries that anchor the stomach to other digestive organs and body wall. It draps the front of the digestive system, and is rich in fat deposits.

Front 3

What is the major calyx of the kidney and what does it do?

Back 3

They are extensions of the renal pelvis - they collect urine and empty it into the renal pelvis by peristalsis.

Front 4

What is the renal pyramid of the medulla and what does it do?

Back 4

They are 1 of approximately 8 lobes within the kidney. They are formed almost entirely of parallel bundles of microscopic urine-collecting tubules and capillaries.

Front 5

What does the interventricular septum of the heart carry?

Back 5

A current of electricity along the bundle of His from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers.

Front 6

Name the arteries that branch from the aorta.

Back 6

From right to left, the major branches are the Brachiocephalic trunk, the Left Common Carotid, and the Left Subclavian. (The Right Common Carotid and Subclavian branch from the Brachiocephalic.)

Front 7

What are the differences between the right and left atria?

Back 7

The right atria receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pump it to the right ventricle.
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins and pump it into the left ventricle.

Front 8

What does the tricuspid valve look like and what does it do?

Back 8

The tricuspid valve is made up of 3 flexible cusps that prevent backfloow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium

Front 9

Where is the external iliac vein located and where does the blood within in vessel go?

Back 9

The external iliac vein is in the pelvic region. This vein forms with the internal iliac vein to form the common iliac vein, which becomes the inferior vena cava.

Front 10

Where is the appendix located and what does it do?

Back 10

The appendix is attached to the cecum, below the ileocecal valve. It contains masses of lymphoid tissue and has an important role in body immunity.

Front 11

What is the pulmonary trunk and where does it go?

Back 11

The pulmonary trunk is the major vessel connected to the right ventricle, which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Front 12

What are the divisions of the adrenal glands and what hormones do these divisions secrete?

Back 12

The outer portion of the adrenals is called the cortex, and secretes hormones collectively referred to as corticosteroids. IE: Mineralocorticoids, Glucocorticoids, Gonadocorticoids
The medula is the inner portion, and produces catecholamines (epinepherine and norepinepherine).

Front 13

Name one of the functions of the Thyroid gland.

Back 13

Regulation of basal metobolic rate and temperature. Promotes normal oxygen used, calorigenesis and enhances effects of sympathetic nervous system.

Front 14

Name the glands in the duodenum that secrete mucus.

Back 14

Goblet cells.

Front 15

Where is adipose tissue located in the body?

Back 15

Under the skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts.

Front 16

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium located?

Back 16

Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surfaces.

Front 17

Where is pseudostratified ciliated columnar found?

Back 17

Lines the trachea, and most of the upper respiratory tract.

Front 18

What are the differences between an artery and a vein?

Back 18

Arteries tend to be more round, with muscular walls and a smaller lumen. Veins have thinner walls, large lumen, and can be flat in appearance. Veins also have valves to prevent backflow of blood as it travels against gravity to the heart.

Front 19

What is the location and function of skeletal muscle?

Back 19

Location: found attached to the skeleton;
Function: allows for voluntary movement of the body through contraction (shortening) and relaxation (normal length).

Front 20

What is the location and function of smooth muscle?

Back 20

Location: organs of the digestive system.
Function: movement of food from mouth to anus; absorption of vital nutrients.

Front 21

What is the location and function of cardiac muscle?

Back 21

Location: the heart.
Function: branching of cells and intercalated disks allow for unique shape of the heart to pump at two different times (atria and ventricles separately).