Ap Human Geography Vocab Words In Ch. 1

Front 1

fieldwork

Back 1

going out in the field and seeing what people are doing and observing how people's actions and reactions vary across space

Front 2

human geography

Back 2

geography that focuses on how people make places, how we organize space and society, how we interact with each other in places and across space and how we make sense of others and ourselves in our locality, religion and world

Front 3

Globalization

Back 3

a set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders

Front 4

physical geography

Back 4

study of physical phenomena on earth

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spatial

Back 5

space arrangement of places and phenomena, how they are laid out, organized and arranged on the earth and how they appear on the landscape

Front 6

spatial distrubution

Back 6

how something is distrubuted across space

Front 7

pattern

Back 7

design of a spatial distrubution

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medical geography

Back 8

The study of health and disease within a geographic context and with a geographic perspective

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pandemic

Back 9

An outbreak of disease that spreads world wide

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epidemic

Back 10

regional outbreak of disease

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spatial perspective

Back 11

observing variations in geographic phenomena across space

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Five Themes

Back 12

location, human- enviroment, region, place and movement

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location

Back 13

geographical situation of people and things

Front 14

location-theory

Back 14

A logical attempt to explain the logical pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated

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human enviroment

Back 15

reciprocal relationship between humans and enviroment

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region

Back 16

area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, fuctional or perceptual homogeniety of some phenomenon

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place

Back 17

uniqueness of a location

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sense of place

Back 18

state of mind derived through the infusion of a place of meaning

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perceptions of places

Back 19

Beliefs or "understandings" about a place developing through books,movies,stories or pictures

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movement

Back 20

mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the surface of the planet

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spatial interaction

Back 21

condition that exists when two regions, through an exchange of raw materials and/or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other's demands

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distances

Back 22

measurement of the physical space between two places

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accessibility

Back 23

the degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certain location from other locations

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connectivity

Back 24

degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network

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landscape

Back 25

overall appearance of an area

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cultural landscape

Back 26

visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape

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sequent occupance

Back 27

the nation that succesive societies leave thier cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative culture landscape

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cartography

Back 28

the art and science of making maps, including date compliation, layout and design. Also concerned with the interpertation of mapped patterns

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reference maps

Back 29

maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude

Front 30

thematic maps

Back 30

maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon

Front 31

absolute location

Back 31

the position or place of a certain item on the Earth as expressed in degress, minutes and seconds of latitude and longitude

Front 32

global positioning system (GPS)

Back 32

Satellite-based system for detemining the absolute location of places and geographic features

Front 33

geocaching

Back 33

a hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geocachers

Front 34

Realtive location

Back 34

The regional position or situation of a place realitive to the position of other places.

Front 35

Mental Maps

Back 35

Image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual's perception, impression and knoledge of that space

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activity spaces

Back 36

the space within which daily activity occurs

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generalize

Back 37

make general or broad statements

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generalized map

Back 38

a map that adapts to the scale of the display medium of the map

Front 39

remote sensing

Back 39

A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g. satellites) that are physically distant from the area or object of study

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Geograhic information system (GIS)

Back 40

A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collecte, recorded, stored, reviewed, manipulated,analyzed, and displayed to the user

Front 41

formal region

Back 41

a type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeniety in one or more phenomena; also called uniform region or homogenous region

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perceptual region

Back 42

a region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demorcated entity

Front 43

culture

Back 43

the sum total of knoledge, attitudes and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society

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culture trait

Back 44

a single element of normal practice in a culture (wearing a turban)

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culture complex

Back 45

A related sets of culture traits (prevailing dress code, cooking and eating utensils etc.)

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cultural hearth

Back 46

Heartland, source area, innovative center; place of origin of a major culture

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independent invention

Back 47

a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other

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cultural diffusion

Back 48

the expansion and adaption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area

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Time-distance decay

Back 49

the declining degree of acceptance or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point or origin or source

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cultural barriers

Back 50

Prevailing cultural attitudes rendering certain innovations, ideas, or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture

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expansion diffusion

Back 51

the spread of an innovation or idea through a population in an area in such a way that the numbr of those influenced grows continusiouly larger, resulting in an expending area of dissemination

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contagious diffusion

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the distance-controlled spreading of an idea,innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person- analogous to the communication of a contagious disease

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hierarchial diffusion

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a form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or people. An urban hierarchy is usually involved, encoraging leapfrogging of innovations over wide areas, with geographic distance a less important influence

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stimulus diffusion

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A form of Diffusion in which a cultural adaption is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place

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relocation diffusion

Back 55

sequential diffusion process in which the which items being diffused are transmitted by their carrer agents as they evaluate the old areas and relocate to the new ones.

Front 56

enviromental determinism

Back 56

the view that the natural enviroment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development. AKA enviromentalism

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Isotherm

Back 57

line on a map connecting points of equal temperature value

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possibilism

Back 58

Geographic viewpoint- a response to deteminism- that holds that human decision making, not the enviroment, is the crucial factor in cultural development, Nonetheless, possibilists view the enviroment as providing a set of broad constraits that limit the possibilities of human choice

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cultural ecology

Back 59

the multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural enviroment

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political ecology

Back 60

An approach to studying nature- society relations that is concerned with the ways in which enviromental issues both reflect and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated

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rescale

Back 61

Involvment of players at other scales to generate supporst for a position or initiative

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functional region

Back 62

A region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it

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geographic concept

Back 63

Ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in anwsering research questions