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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ideology
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A belief in which a society practices and follows
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Conquistadors
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Spanish Conquers that destroyed at least 3 Native A. cultures and made it possible for Spain to fund its religious wars
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Primogeniture
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Is when the eldest son inherits the majority of the family's wealth. It created a male dominated society and separation of social classes
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Protestant Reformation
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an attempt to reform the catholic church that began with Martin Luther and caused religious separation among all Europe
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Martin Luther
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German monk who disagreed with the way the Roman Catholic church operated. He began a religious revolution that ended the division of Germany into N. Lutheran states and Catholic principles in the S.
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John Calvin/ Calvinism
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a Protestant extremist who believed in predestination.
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Predestination
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a doctrine that was based on the idea that God has already chosen those who will go to heaven and to hell. (strengthened protestant reformation)
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Church of England
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England's national church founded by King Henry VIII. gave rise to puritans who disagreed with mixing religions
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Separatists
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England protestants who believed in an extreme form of puritanism. helped reformation of the catholic church
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Puritans
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A group of extremists who wanted radical doctrines to flourish. eventually immigrated to A. and established churches there
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Mercantilism
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theory designed to keep the state healthy by regulation the economy. It allowed overseas colonization of N. A.
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Enclosure Acts
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Allowed farmers to enclose their land and raise sheep to increase wool supply. helped improve England economy
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Indentured Servants
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People who worked for free for 4-5 years in return for housing, food, and a journey to A.
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Pueblo Revolt
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The indian shaman Pope led pueblo Indians in a revolt against the Spanish conquerors thats were trying to convert them to Christianity. It freed the indians from the abuse of the spanish.
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Charter
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A representative form of government in Virginia that allowed the people there to self rule. It established roots for future governments in A.
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House of Burgesses
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A group of governing people in Virginia that had the power to create laws and taxes.
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Jamestown
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The first settlement of the Virginia Company in A. population and tobacco crop based. Founded by John Smith
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John Smith
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One of the first English explorers in A. and the founder of Jamestown
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John Rolfe
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a colonist in Jamestown who married Pocahontas (daughter of the Algonquin cheif Powhatan). first to successfully grow tobacco in A.
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Headright System
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when settlers immigrated to Virginia and paid for the passage of indentured servants, they were granted large portions of land. encouraged colonization of A.
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Powhatan
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Chief of Algonquin speaking people. first chief to welcome the Jamestown settlers.
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Lord Baltimore
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An englishman who established a tobacco colony in Maryland. Wanted Maryland to be a safe place for catholics to live. believed in religious freedom
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Toleration Act
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Allowed Christians to freely practice religion
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Act of Trade and Navigation/ Navigation Acts
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Prohibited any country except England and A. to enter A. ports. Increased the cost of producing tobacco and lowered the price
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William Berkley
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He was a corrupt governor of Virginia who ruled carelessly and caused a rebellion in Jamestown
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Bacon's Rebellion
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A rebellion in Virginia against wealthy farmers and governors. Caused the government reformation in Virginia and kept the corrupt, wealthy few out of leadership roles
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William Bradford
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leader of the Pilgrims that came over to A. on the Mayflower and helped establish Plymouth
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Pilgrims
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separatists who left England because religious persecution. created the mayflower compact (first A. Constitution)
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Plymouth
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first Pilgrim settlement in New England and helped colonization of A.
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Theocracy
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When the government is ruled by kings that assume the role of "God" and feel they have the divine right to rule.
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City on a Hill
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by John Winthrop. idea puritans had that they were the first colony established in A. and all eyes were upon them. They had a duty to be the best colony they could be. installed a strong sense o righteousness among the Puritans.
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Joint-Stock Company
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type of business that involves shareholders and stocks
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John Winthrop
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an englishman who brought Puritans to Massachusetts Bay and created a government to abide by. "City on a Hill" speech
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Roger Williams
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A Puritan who was kicked out by Plymouth because of his religious beliefs. he moved and founded Providence to pursue the idea of religious freedom
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Anne Hutchinson
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A Puritan who was living in Mass. Bay but did not fit the beliefs of a true Puritan and was found guilty of heresy and sent away from the colony. influenced others to step out with their differences
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Thomas Hooker
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A Puritan Pastor who left the Mass. Bay to found Hartford. His colony has more liberal views
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English Civil War/English Revolution/Oliver Cromwell
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took place after the Church of Eng forced Scotland to use their prayer books. Oliver C led the Puritans. gave hopes of reformation to Puritans but was unsuccessful with the death of Oliver C
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Metacom Rebellion
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took place in New Eng. Wampanoags led by chief Metacom rebelled against their lost land and culture to the invading Puritans. Wamp. lost
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William Penn
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A Quaker who was given lands (present day Penn. and Delaware) by English King Charles II. set up Quaker based society based on religious freedom and equality of men
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Quakers
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A religious group of pacifists Protestant extremists who settled in Penn. democratic
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Andres/Dominion of New England
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Andres was put in charge of the Dominion of New Eng (union of 6 states) by King James II. He tried to enforce "unpopular" policies which made way for many slave revolts
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Glorious Revolution
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bloodless change in government in which Protestant Leaders and Whig Party leaders replaced King James (Catholic) and replaced him with his daughter (Protestant).
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War of Spanish Succession
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War between Eng & allies in Europe against France & Spain. goal was to stop King Louis XIV from taking the thrown in Spain in fear of Eng obtaining too much power. Provided Native A. with weapons and training
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Middle Passage
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The long journey by ship from Africa to A. taken by enslaved Africans. Allowed slavery to continue and was the cause of the death of thousands of Africans
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Triangular Trade
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Trade involving 3 different ports one of which did not need what the other port was trading
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Stone Rebellion
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battle between the Eng and African slave rebels who were attempting to escape slavery by fleeing FL. caused slave holders to become increasing hard and cruel to their slaves
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Yeoman
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An economic class between the gentry and the serfs.
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Salutary Neglect
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Eng did not involve themselves too much into the development of government power in A. leads to A. revolution
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Marriage Portion
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tradition in which parents choose who their children marry and repay their children for all the past work. kept difference in classes around
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Locke's Two Treatises on Government
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An essay written by John Locke with his idea that political standings were not chosen by God, but instead by social classes.
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Deism
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belief that God made the world but did not intervene by deciding what happens. He would let the world exist by nature
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Revival
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process of reintroducing religion through travel preaching to different areas strengthened the division between religion and science
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John Edwards
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A pietist New End preacher who spread extreme religious beliefs to churches in CT. believed that ideas of people can be formed by faith, not just physical senses
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"Old Lights vs. New Lights"
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The New Lights were the followers of George Whitefield who believed in find salvation through extreme religious methods. The Old Lights were skeptical of the New Lights' methods, and worshiped God in a less extreme manner
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William Pitt
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A B. statesoman who convinces Henry Pelham to send B. troops to A. to help defeat the French . expanded idea of colonial growth and alliances between A. and B.
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Pontiac's Rebellion
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An Indian rebellion led by Pontiac where tribes came together to defeat B. eventually stopped, but cause B. to create the Proclamation of 1763
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The Proclamation of 1763
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The document the B. created stating that the white settlement was not allowed in W. Appalachians.
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The Paxton Boys
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Scots-Irish who wanted the Indians put of the W. Appalachians. Murdered innocent Indians and were never caught. Introduced racial segregation
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The Regulators
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A group of vigilantes who owned land and wanted to persecute white invaders who stole cattle and property. Obtained more representation in the assembly and lowered taxes by giving fear to the E.
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Almanacs
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Books that included info about many different things created during the Enlightenment
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Gollieb Mittelberger
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A Lutheran minister who experienced the lack of religious discipline in A. as he migrated to Penn/ He returned home and wrote a book creating awareness of the religious life in the Colonies. Spread pietism and challenged colonies religious dedication
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Crevecoeur
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A french migrant who married a colonist and set up a farm life in Orange County, NY. Then wrote a book to share his wonderful experience of migration and new life in the colonies
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