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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Politics |
The struggle over power or influence within organizations or informal groups that can grant or withhold benefits or privileges |
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Institution |
An ongoing organization that performs certain functions for society
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Government |
The institution within decisions are made that resolve conflicts of allocate benefits and privileges. It is unique because it has the ultimate authority in society
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Order
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A state of peace and security. The oldest purpose of government |
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Liberty |
The greatest freedom of the individuals that is consistent with the freedom of other individuals in the society |
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Authority |
The right and power of a government or other entity to enforce its decisions and compel obedience |
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Legitimacy |
Popular Acceptance of the right and power of a government or other entity to exercise authority |
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Totalitarian Regime |
Government that controls all aspects of political and social for a nation |
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Authoritarianism |
Government is fully controlled by the ruler |
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Aristocracy |
Rule by the "best"/upper class |
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Democracy |
Political Authority is vested in the people |
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Direct Democracy |
Political Decisions are made by the people directly rather than by representitives |
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Legislature |
Governmental body primarily responsible for making of laws |
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Initiative |
Procedure by which voters can propose a law of constitutional amendment |
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Refrendum |
Electoral device where by legislative or constitutional measures are referred by the legislature to the voters for approval |
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Recall |
Procedure allowing people to vote to dismiss an elected official from state office |
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Consent of the people |
Idea that governments and laws derive legitimacy from consent of governed
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Republic |
Form of Government in which sovereignty rests with the people |
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Popular Sovereignty |
Concept that ultimate political authority is based on the will of the people |
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Democratic Republic |
Republic in which representatives elected by the people make and enforce laws and policies; monarchy in ceremonial role |
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Universal Suffrage |
The right of all adults to vote for their representatives |
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Majority |
More than 50 percent |
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Majority Rule |
Basic principle of democracy asserting that the greatest number of citizens in any political unit should select officials and determine policies |
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Limited Government |
Principle that the powers of government should be limited by institutional checks |
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Majoritarianism |
Political theory holding that in a democracy, the government ought to do what majority of the people want |
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Elite Theory |
Perspective holding that society is ruled by a small number of people who exercise power to further their self-interest |
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Pluralism |
Theory that views politics as a conflict among interest groups. Political decision making is characterized by compromise
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Political Culture |
Collection of benefits and attitudes toward government and the political process held by a community or nation |
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Political Socialization |
Process in which individuals learn a set of political attitudes and form opinions about social issues (Influenced by family and education system) |
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Dominant Culture |
Values, Customs, and languages established by the group or groups that traditionally have controlled politics and government in a society |
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Equality |
The idea that all people are of equal worth |
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Property |
Anything that is subject to ownership |
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Capitalism |
An economic system characterized by the private ownership of wealth-creating assets, free markets and freedom of contract |
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Eminent Domain |
Power set in the Fifth Amendment to the U.S Constitution allowing government to take private property from public under the condition that just compensation for landlords |
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Ideology |
Comprehensive set of beliefs about the nature of people and about role of government |
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Conservatism |
Set of beliefs that includes a limited role for the national government in helping individuals, support for traditional values and life styles |
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Liberalism |
Set of beliefs that includes the advocacy of positive government action to improve the welfare of individuals, support for civil rights
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Socialism |
Political ideology based on strong support for economic and social equality |
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Libertarianism |
Political Ideology based on skepticism or opposition toward government activities |
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Communism |
Revolutionary Variant of Socialism that favors a partisian dictatorship |
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Fascism |
National collective united behind an absolute ruler, rejects individualism |
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Hispanic |
Someone claiming heritage from a spanish-speaking country that is not spain |
