Ap Euro Pg. 459-467

Front 1

brought Brandenburg-Prussia to power
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Back 1

Hohensollern Dynasty

Front 2

-built foundation for the Prussian state
-came to power in the midst of the Thirty Years' War
-built confident standing army
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Back 2

Frederick William the Great Elector

Front 3

-established by Frederick William the Great Elector
-levied taxes for the army and oversee its growth and training
-evolved into an agency for civil gov.
-became chief instrument for governing the state
-members were the Prussian landed aristocracy, the Junkers, who also served in the all-important army

Back 3

General War Commissariat

Front 4

-son of Frederick William the Great Elector
-in return for aiding the HRE in the War of the Spanish Succession, he was officially granted the title of king-of-Prussia
-title changed to King Frederick I

Back 4

Frederick III

Front 5

-encouraged eastward movement of the Austrian Empire, but sorely challenged by the revival of the Ottoman power

Back 5

Leopold I

Front 6

-Austria took control of Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, Slovenia, thus establishing an Austrian Empire in southeastern Europe

Back 6

Treaty of Karlowitz

Front 7

Russian nobility

Back 7

boyars

Front 8

first ruler of russia to take the title of tsar
-expanded territories of Russia eastward after finding westward expansion blocked by the powerful Swedish and the Polish states
-extended the autocracy of the tsar by crushing the power of the boyars

Back 8

Ivan IV the Terrible

Front 9

-ruler of Russia who wished to westernize his nation, especially in the realm of technical skills
-creation of a strong army and navy

Back 9

Peter the Great

Front 10

-created by Peter the Great to create opportunities for nonnobles to serve the state and join the nobility

Back 10

Table of Ranks

Front 11

-created by Peter the Great to make decisions for the Russian Orthodox Church

Back 11

Holy Synod

Front 12

a layman who represented the interests of the tsar and assured Peter of effective domination of the church

Back 12

procurator

Front 13

-young king of Sweden thought to be easily defeated for the Baltic by Peter the Great
-but defeated the Russians in the end

Back 13

Charles XII

Front 14

-first battle of the Great Northern War
-Charles XII (king of Sweden) defeated Peter the Great, defending the Baltic

Back 14

Battle of Narva

Front 15

-Peter the Great fought back against Charles XII of Sweden
-Peter defeated Charles's army

Back 15

Battle of Poltava

Front 16

-ended the Great Northern War
-gave formal recognition to what Peter had already achieved: the acquisition of Estonia, Livonia, and Karelia
-Russia now the great European state

Back 16

Peace of Nystadt

Front 17

-ruler of Denmark
-under his rule----a centralized administration was instituted with the nobility as the chief officeholders

Back 17

Christian V

Front 18

-leader of Sweden

Back 18

Gustavus Adolphus

Front 19

-Gustavus Adolphus's dedicated chief minister
-persuaded king to adopt a new policy in which the nobility formed a "First Estate" occupying the bureautcratic positions of an expanded central gov.
-created stable monarchy and freed the king to raise a formidable army and participate in the Thirty Years' War

Back 19

Axel Oxenstierna

Front 20

-Peter the Great fought back against Charles XII of Sweden
-Peter defeated Charles's army

Back 20

Battle of Poltava

Front 21

-ended the Great Northern War
-gave formal recognition to what Peter had already achieved: the acquisition of Estonia, Livonia, and Karelia
-Russia now the great European state

Back 21

Peace of Nystadt

Front 22

-ruler of Denmark
-under his rule----a centralized administration was instituted with the nobility as the chief officeholders

Back 22

Christian V

Front 23

-leader of Sweden

Back 23

Gustavus Adolphus

Front 24

-Gustavus Adolphus's dedicated chief minister
-persuaded king to adopt a new policy in which the nobility formed a "First Estate" occupying the bureautcratic positions of an expanded central gov.
-created stable monarchy and freed the king to raise a formidable army and participate in the Thirty Years' War

Back 24

Axel Oxenstierna

Front 25

Gustavus Adolphus's daughter who was more interested in philosophy and religion than ruling

Back 25

Christina

Front 26

ruler of Sweden who reestablished domestic order

Back 26

Charles X

Front 27

-successor of Charles X, actually did the work to build the Swedish monarchy
-weakened the independent power of nobility

Back 27

Charles XI

Front 28

-successor/son of Charles XI
-primarily interested in military affairs
-due to him, Sweden lost much of northern empire to Russia

Back 28

Charles XII

Front 29

-leader of the Ottoman Turks who brought the Turks back to Europe's attention
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Back 29

Sultan Suleiman I the Magnificent

Front 30

-well-organized military system
-composed of Christian boys who had been taken from their parents, converted to the Muslim faith, and subjected to rigid military discipline to form an elite core of 8,000 troops personally loyal to the sultan

Back 30

Janissaries