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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Father of Humanism |
Petrarch |
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Discredited the Donation of Constantine |
Lorenzo Valla |
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Treaty that gave princes the choice between Lutheranism and Catholicism |
Peace of Augsburg |
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What treaty ended the thirty years war? |
Peace/ Treaty of Westphalia |
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The Treaty of Westphalia gave independence to what two countries? |
The Netherlands and Switzerland |
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Who wrote the 95 Theses to speak about simony and indulgences? |
Martin Luther |
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What was a major development that helped to spread ideas? |
The printing press |
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Who developed the geo-centric theory? |
Ptolemy |
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Who developed the helio-centric theory? |
Copernicus |
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What did humanists focus on? |
The abilities of humans and ancient greco-roman literature, art, etc. |
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Why did France enter the Thirty Years War? |
To weaken the power of the Hapsburgs, which made the war into a political battle |
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How did the Thirty Years War begin? |
The Defenestration of Prague which shows that the war began with religious motives |
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Why does Martin Luther want reform from the Catholic Church? |
Indulgences and Simony |
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Which King made himself the ruler of the church and dissolved the Catholic Churches for his own wealth? |
Charles VIII |
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Give an example of a new monarch that was able to centralize authority |
Henry VIII was able to centralize authority because he took power away from the church and used the Act of Supremacy to become the supreme ruler of the Anglican Church |
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Which ruler failed to centralize power? |
Charles V because he was not able to resolve the conflict between protestants and catholics |
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Describe one way that new ideas effected the shape of politics |
Secularism became popular and caused people like Henry VIII to be able to dissolve churches. |
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Why did the europeans explore the new world? |
God, gold, glory |
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List some major consequences of the exploration era on the native population |
smallpox measles overworked to death |
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List major consequences of the exploration era on europeans |
syphillis increase in population due to the potato increase in wealth |
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What caused Thomas Hobbes to believe that man was born naturally bad? |
The War of the Roses |
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What was Hobbes definition of a social contract? |
Thomas Hobbes believed that in order for people to have safety, they needed to give up their rights to an absolute ruler |
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What was John Locke's idea of a social contract? |
Consent of the governed |
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Who believed in Tabula Rassa? |
John Locke |
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Who created the idea of three separate branches of government? |
Baron de Montesquieu |
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Who made the idea of deductive reasoning? Top - Down Logic |
Rene Descartes |
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Who made the idea of inductive reasoning? Bottom-Up Logic |
Francis Bacon |
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What is baroque art? |
Unusual art that focuses on movement and telling a story |
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Who wrote the Oration on the Dignity of Man? |
Pico de Mirandola |
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Who wrote the Prince? |
Niccolo Michavelli |
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Who is the author of the Courtier? |
Baldassare Castiglione |
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Supporter of the arts |
Patrons |
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Who was the wealthy Italian banking family that supported the arts? |
The Medici Family |
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Michelangelo painted and sculpted which two famous works of art? |
The Sistine Chapel and David |
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Why was David different then works of art from the pre-renaissance period? |
It glorified the human body |
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What was a major event that caused the French Wars of Religion? |
The St.Bartholemew's Day Massacre |
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What resulted of the French Wars of Religion? |
The Edict of Nantes |
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Who created the Bronze David? |
Donatello |
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Who painted the School of Athens? |
Raphael |
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Who sculpted Madonna with Child and made the Duomo? |
Filipo Brunelleschi |
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Who painted the Last Supper and the Mona Lisa? |
Leonardo da Vinci |
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Jan Van Eyck |
Northern Renaissance Painter (religious) |
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Pieter Brugel the Elder |
painter ( massacre of the innocents) |
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Who was rembrandt? |
a naturalist dutch artist |
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El Greco |
mannerist and baroque art |
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Artemisia Gentileschi |
first female artist to gain post-renaissance recognition |
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Bernini |
Baroque Art ( Theresa) |
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Peter Paul Reubens |
one of the first studio artists |
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Who discovered the Circulatory system? |
William Harvey ( On the Motion of the Heart and Blood) |
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Who wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body? |
Andreas Vesalius |
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Who created the elliptical theory? |
Johannes Kepler |
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Who created the telescope? |
Galileo |
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Who made the universal law of gravitation and the Principa Mathematica? |
Isaac Newton |
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Who wrote the Leviathan? |
Thomas Hobbes |
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Who was married to Bloody Mary and sent the Spanish Armada? |
Phillip II |
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Who was the worst spanish succession? |
Phillip V |
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Who founded the Jesuits? |
Ignatius of Loyola |
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Who said " Paris is worth a Mass" which led to him being labeled as a politique |
Henry IV |
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What king was dominated by Richelieu? |
Louis XIII |
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What term means to care more about the good of the state than about one's religion? |
Politique |
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What did Ferdinand II issue that restored land back to the Catholics? |
The Edict of Restitution |
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Who made the Edict of Fontainebleau which revoked the Edict of Nantes? |
Louis XIV |
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What did Rousseau believe in terms of a social contract? |
The government should be replaced if they are not doing what the people have told them to |
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Why did Louis XIV moved the capital to Versailles? |
He wanted to take power away from the nobles because they were concentrated in Paris and he wanted to keep an eye on them |
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What was the name of the French Civil Wars that Louis viewed as a child? |
The Fronde |
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Who was the first king to be executed? |
Charles I ( divine right) |
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who were the roundheads? |
the supporters of parliament ( wanted more parliament involvement in government) |
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How did Oliver Cromwell win? |
He used his New Model Army and the rigid teaching of calvinism to shape his winning army |
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What is the Glorious Revolution? |
William and Mary came to power, making a constitutional monarchy |
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Who created the Divine Right of Kings? |
James I |
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Who was the Calvinist Leader of the reformation in Switzerland? |
Zwingli |
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What is Mercantillism? |
Exporting more than you import ( Jean Baptiste Colbert in France) |
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Who was the first person to complete circum-navigation? |
Magellan |
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Who was the first to sail around Africa to India? |
Vasco de Gama |
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William of Orange |
Ruler of the Netherlands |
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What was the Council of Trent? |
They met to discuss reformation issues |
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Frederick William I |
Military leader of Prussia |
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What was the inquisition? |
In Spain, everyone who was expected to not be Catholic was prosecuted |
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Who was Peter the Great? |
Russian example of an absolute ruler who moved the capital from Moscow to St.Petersburg |
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Bartholemew Diaz (Portugese) |
Southern tip of Africa |
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Bartholemew de las casas |
Spanish Missionary who advocated for native americans |
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What is the middle passage? |
The slave trip from Africa to America |
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Who was the Father of the Enlightenment? |
Voltaire |
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Who wrote the Spirit of Laws? |
Montesquieu |
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Who was Marie Antoinette? |
Wife of Louis XIV |
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What was the Table of Ranks? |
A system based on merit and not on status created by Peter the Great in order to take power from the nobles |
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Who made a navigational school in Portugal? |
Henry the Navigator |
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Which treaty was made by Spanish and Portugal that basically cut the world in half? |
The Treaty of Tordesillas |
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What was the War of Spanish Succession? |
Philip of Anjou was attempting to be on the throne of Spain while his Grandfather, Louis XIV, was in power in France. This caused all of Europe to come together to check both of them. Philip of Anjou was not allowed to become king of France. |
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Who conquered the Incas in Peru? |
Pizzarro |
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Who conquered the Aztecs? |
Cortez |
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Universal Christendom declined with what empire? |
The Holy Roman Empire and the Peace of Westphalia marked the end of Universal Christendom |
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How did Ferdinand and Isabella recentralize power? |
They filled the bureaucracies with lesser aristocrats who owed their power to the throne and managed the military |
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What was the Star Chamber Court? |
Henry VII tamed the nobility by furthering English Law to take power and land from the nobles |
