A&p Chapter 5

Front 1

Tissue

Back 1

A group of cells with common embryonic original

Specialized activities

Front 2

Extra cellular matrix

Back 2

Complex, Nonliving material between cells in a tissue

Some tissues have a large amount while some have hardly any

Different kinds of components= different characteristics

Front 3

Histology

Back 3

Study of tissues

Front 4

4 types of tissues are:

Back 4

Epithelial

Connective

Muscular

Nervous

Front 5

Epithelial tissue

Back 5

Cover body surfaces and lines hollow organs, body cavities, ducts and forms glands

Front 6

Connective tissue

Back 6

Protects, supports and binds tissues

Stores energy as fat, provides immunity

Front 7

Muscular tissue

Back 7

Generates the physical force needed to make body structures move and generate body heat

Front 8

Nervous tissue

Back 8

Detects changes in body and responds and responds by generating nerve impulses

Front 9

Components of extra cellular matrix

Back 9

A. Water

B. Proteins

1. Structural proteins

a.collagen: strong, flexible fiber

b.elastin: elastic fibers

2. Glycoproteins: proteins with carbohydrates

a.fibronectin and laminin- help connect components to cells

C. Proteoglycans

1. Mostly carbohydrates attached to a protein backbone

2. Different functions

a. Shock absorber

b.thickens fluid

c. Reduces blood clotting

Front 10

Two types of epithelial tissue

Back 10

1.Membranous (covering or lining)

2. Glandular: secretory units of endocrine and exocrine glands

Front 11

Functions of epithelial tissue

Back 11

A. protection

B. Sensory functions

C. Secretion

D. Absorption

E. Excretion

Front 12

Generalization of epithelial tissue

Back 12

Avascular- no blood vessels

Basement membrane

close junctions

Capable of reproduction

Limited amount of matrix

Hint 12

5 properties

Front 13

Simple squamous epithelium

Back 13

Found at sites for filtration and diffusion

Front 14

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Back 14

Cuboidal shaped cells

-found in thyroid gland and kidneys

-functions in secretion and absorption

Front 15

Simple columnar epithelium

Back 15

Column shaped cells

Nonciliated and ciliated

In stomach lining and lines airways

Front 16

Stratified epithelium

Back 16

Two of more layers of cells

Front 17

Stratified squamous epithelium

Back 17

Several layers of cells that are flat in the apical layer

New cells are pushed up toward the apical layer

Front 18

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Back 18

Fairly rare type of epithelium

Apical layers are cuboidal

Functions in protection & some secretion/absorption

Found in ducts of apocrine sweat glands

Front 19

Pseudostratified

Back 19

Lines some airways and most of the upper respiratory tract

Front 20

Transitional epithelium

Back 20

Found only in the urinary system

Variable appearance

Ideal for hollow structure subjected to expansion ex. Bladder

Front 21

Glandular epithelium

Endocrine glands

Back 21

Secrete hormones, diffuse directly into the bloodstream

Function in maintaining homeostasis

Front 22

Glandular epithelium

Exocrine glands

Back 22

Secrete products into ducts that empty onto the surface of epithelium

Mucus,sweat, oil, earwax, saliva and digestive enzymes

Front 23

Types of exocrine glands

Back 23

Apocrine

Holocrine

Merocrine

Front 24

Connective tissue

Back 24

Most abundant and widely distributed tissues in the body

Numerous functions

Front 25

Four main types of connective tissue

Back 25

Fibrous

Bone

Cartilage

Blood

Front 26

Fibrous connective tissue: areolar

Back 26

Most widely distributed in the body

Contains several types of cells and all three fibers

Combined with adipose, makes the subcutaneous layer

Front 27

Fibrous connective tissue: adipose

Back 27

Fat

Front 28

Fibrous connective tissue: reticular

Back 28

Fine interlacing reticular fibers and cells

Forms the stroma of liver, spleen, and lymph nodes

Front 29

Fibrous connective tissue: dense regular

Back 29

Bundles of collagen fibers are regularly arranged in parallel patterns for strength

Tendons and most ligaments

Front 30

Fibrous connective tissue: dense irregular

Back 30

Contain branching elastic fibers

Strong and can recoil to original shape after stretching

Lung tissue and arteries

Front 31

Bone tissue

Back 31

Bones are organs composed of several different connective tissue:

Bone tissue(osseous)

Periosteum

Endosteum

Front 32

Hyaline cartilage

Back 32

Most abundant cartilage in the body

Provide flexibility and support

Front 33

Fibrocartilage

Back 33

Chondrocytes are scattered amound bundles of collagen fibers within the extracellular matrix

Lack a perchondrium

Strongest type of cartilage

Found in intervertebral disc (between vertebrae)

Front 34

Elastic cartilage

Back 34

Chrondrocytes are located within a thread-like network of elastic fibers

Provides strength and elasticity

Front 35

Liquid connective tissue

Back 35

Blood tissue

-connective tissue with liquid extracellular matrix called blood plasma

Lymph

Front 36

Muscular tissue

Back 36

Consists of elongated cells called muscle fibers or myocytes

-cells use ATP to generate force

-several functions of muscle tissue

Classified into three types: skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscular tissue

Front 37

Three types of muscular tissue

Back 37

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth muscular tissue

Front 38

Skeletal muscle tissue

Back 38

Attached to bones of skeleton

Has striations

Voluntary movement

Vary in length (up to 40 cm) and are roughly cylindrical in shape

Front 39

Cardiac muscle tissue

Back 39

Has striations

Involuntary movement

Intercalated disc, unique to cardiac muscle tissue

Front 40

Smooth muscle tissue

Back 40

Walls of hollow internal structures

-blood vessels, airways of lungs, stomach, and intestines

Non striated

Usually involuntary

Front 41

Nervous tissue

Back 41

Consists of two principle types of cells

-neurons or nerve cells

-neuroglia