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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a muscle spindle? |
3-10 specialized muscle fibers supplies by gamma motor neurons & wrapped in sensory nerve endings. Detects stretch of the muscle & is involved in maintaining muscle tone. |
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What are golgi tendon organs? |
Proprioceptive nerve ending in a tendon. Senses changes in muscle tension, lies at the origins & insertion of skeletal muscle fibers into the tendons of skeletal muscle. |
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What are joint capsule receptors? |
Sensory receptors in joint capsules. Proprioceptive receptor, monitor strength in the capsules, provide information on joint position & movement. (Free nerve endings, pacinian corpuscle, ruffini nerve endings, golgi ligament endings, golgi mazzoni corpuscles) |
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What is ALS? |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Lou Geurig disease: occurs when upper and lower motor neurons are destroyed, resulting in cell dysfunction or death. (Free-radicals/superoxide) |
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What is referred pain? |
A painful sensation in a region of the body that is not the source of the pain stimulus. (Innervated by neurons that project to the same area of the cerebral cortex) |
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What is phantom pain? |
Perceived pain/sensation in an amputated structure as if it were still in place. Occurs in people who have had appendages amputated or a structure, such as a tooth removed. (Similar phenomenon in the "funny bone") |
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What is chronic pain? |
Long lasting pain. Some cases have a known cause such as arthritis and some have no known cause. |
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What is aphasia? |
Damage to the language areas of the cerebral cortex (most common cause is a stroke). Depending on the site of the lesion. |
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What are 3 types of aphasia? |
Receptive aphasia: causes by lesion in the Wernicke area. Both jargon & conduction aphasia: can result from a lesion in the tracts of Wernicke and Broca areas. |
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What is adaptation? |
Some sensations have the quality of adaptation- decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus. The rate of adaptation varies for different receptors, as occurs in proprioception. (Tonic and phasic receptors) |
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What is transduction? |
Process of converting sensory signal to an electrical signal in the sensory neuron. Transduces it into an A.P. (Conversion of a sensory stimulus from one form to another) |
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What is pain tolerance? |
Maximum level of pain a person is able to tolerate. |
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What is pain threshold? |
The point at which pain begins to be felt. Upper limit of tolerance to pain. Increasing perception of pain. |
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What is synesthesia? |
Production of a sense impression relating to one sense or part of the body by stimulation of another sense or part of the body. (Ex. Sense of sight triggers another sense, like smell, at the same time) |
