A&p- Cells And Tissues- Part 2

Front 1

groups of cells with similar structure and function

Back 1

tissues

Front 2

what are the 4 primary tissues?

Back 2

epithelial

connective

muscle

nervous

Front 3

where is epithelial tissue located?

Back 3

body coverings (skin)

body linings (stomach lining)

glandular tissue (sweat glands)

Front 4

what are the functions of epithelial tissue?

Back 4

protection

absorption

filtration

secretion

Front 5

cells that fit closely together and often form sheets

Back 5

epithelial tissue

Front 6

The apical (top) surface is the __________ surface of the tissue.

Back 6

free (not attached)

Front 7

The lower surface of the epithelium rests on a ____________ membrane.

Back 7

basement

Front 8

what does avascular mean?

Back 8

no blood supply

Front 9

Epithelial tissue is ___________.

Back 9

acascular

Front 10

can regenerate easily if well nourished

Back 10

epithelial tissues

Front 11

basal

Back 11

bottom

Front 12

apical

Back 12

top

Front 13

one layer

Back 13

simple

Front 14

more than one layer

Back 14

stratified

Front 15

flattened

Back 15

squamous

Front 16

cube shapped

Back 16

cubodial

Front 17

column like

Back 17

columner

Front 18

single layer of flat cells

usually forms membranes

-lines body cavities

-lines lungs & capillaries

Back 18

simple squamous

Front 19

single layer of cube like cells

common in glands and their ducts

forms walls of kidney tubules

covers ovaries

Back 19

simple cubodial

Front 20

single layer of tall cells

often includes mucus- producing goblet cells

lines digestive tract

Back 20

simple columner

Front 21

single layer but some cells are shorter than others

often looks like double layer of cells

sometimes ciliated, such as respiratory tract

may function in absorption or secretion

Back 21

pseudo-stratified columner

Front 22

cells at the apical surface are flattened

found as a protective covering where friction is common

locations

-skin

-mouth

-esophagus

Back 22

stratified squamous

Front 23

two layers of cuboidal cells

Back 23

stratified cubodial

Front 24

surface cells are columnar, cells underneath vary in size and shape

Back 24

stratified columner

Front 25

________ are rare in the human body and are found mainly in ducts (glands)

Back 25

both

Front 26

shape of cells depends on the amount of stretching

lines organs of the urinary system

Back 26

transitional epithelial

Front 27

one or more cells responsible for secreting a particular product

found in two major glands

Back 27

glandular epithelial

Front 28

glandular epithelium is found in what two glands?

Back 28

endocrine and exocrine

Front 29

ductless since secretions diffuse into blood vessels

Back 29

endocrine

Front 30

secretions empty through ducts to the epithelial surface

include sweat and oil glands

Back 30

exocrine glands

Front 31

found everywhere in the body

includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues

Back 31

connective tissues

Front 32

bonds body tissues together

supports the body

provides protection

Back 32

functions of connective tissue

Front 33

variation in blood supply

extracellular matrix

Back 33

connective tissue characteristics

Front 34

non living material that surrounds living cells

Back 34

extracellular matrix

Front 35

made of ground substance, adhesion proteins, and polysaccharide molecules

Back 35

extracellular matrix

Front 36

made of adhesion proteins, and polysaccharide molecules

Front 37

what are extracellular matrix’s made of?

Back 37

ground substance and fibers

Front 38

what are the 3 types of fibers

Back 38

collagen, elastic, recticular fibers

Front 39

composed of bone cells in luncunae (cavities)

hard matrix of calcium salts

large # of collagen fibers

used to protect and support the body

Back 39

bone (osseous) tissue

Front 40

most common type of cartilage

composed of abundant collagen fibers and a rubbery matrix

Back 40

hyaline cartilage

Front 41

where is hyaline cartilage found?

Back 41

larynx

entire fetal skeleton prior to birth

Front 42

provides elasticity

supports the external ear

Back 42

elastic cartilage

Front 43

highly compressible

forms cushion like discs between the vertebrae

Back 43

fibrocartilage

Front 44

main matrix element is collagen fibers

fibroblasts

Back 44

dense connective (fibrous) tissue

Front 45

cells that make fibers

Back 45

fibroblasts

Front 46

where is dense connective tissue located

Back 46

tendons

ligament

dermis

Front 47

attach skeletal muscle to bone

Back 47

tendons

Front 48

attach bone to bone at joints

Back 48

ligaments

Front 49

lower layer of the skin

Back 49

dermis

Front 50

most widely distributed connective tissue

soft, pliable tissue like cobwebs

functions as a packing tissue

contains all fiber types

can soak up all excess fluid (causes edema)

Back 50

areolar tissue

Front 51

matrix is an areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate

many cells contain large lipid deposits

Back 51

adipose tissue

Front 52

what are the functions of adipose tissue?

Back 52

insulates body

protects some organs

serves as a site for fuel storage

Front 53

delicate network of interwoven fibers

forms stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs

Back 53

reticular connective tissue

Front 54

where is recticular connective tissue located?

Back 54

lymph nodes

spleen

bone marrow

Front 55

blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix called blood plasma

fibers are visible during clotting

functions as the transport vehicle for materials

Back 55

blood (vascular tissue)

Front 56

main function is to produce movement

Back 56

muscle tissue

Front 57

what are the 3 types of muscle tissues?

Back 57

skeletal

cardiac

smooth

Front 58

under voluntary control

contracts to pull on bones or skin

produce gross (big or overall) body movements the facial expressions

Back 58

skeletal muscle

Front 59

striated (striped)

multinucleate (more than 1 nucleus)

long, cylindrical

Back 59

characteristics of skeletal muscle cells

Front 60

under involuntary muscle

found in walls of hollow organs such as stomach, uterus, and blood vessels

Back 60

smooth muscle

Front 61

no visible striations (stripes)

one nucleus per cell

spindle shapes cells (taffy being pulled on a machine)

Back 61

characteristics of smooth muscle cells

Front 62

composed of neurons and nerve support cells

function is to send impulses to other areas of the body

Back 62

nervous tissue

Front 63

get it

Back 63

irritability

Front 64

transmit it

Back 64

conductivity

Front 65

replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

Back 65

regeneration

Front 66

repair by dense (fibrous) connective tissue (scar tissue)

Back 66

fibrosis

Front 67

how is the determination of the method of tissue repair found?

Back 67

type of tissue damaged

severity of the injury

Front 68

capillaries become very permeable

formation of granulation tissue

regeneration of surface epithelium

Back 68

events of tissue repair

Front 69

introduce clotting proteins

a clot walls off the injured area

Back 69

capillaries become very permeable

Front 70

growth of new capillaries

rebuild collagen fibers

Back 70

formation of granulation tissue

Front 71

scab detaches

Back 71

regeneration of surface epithelium

Front 72

what are the tissues that regenerate easily?

Back 72

epithelial tissue

fibrous connective tissue and bone

Front 73

what tissues regenerate poorly?

Back 73

skeletal muscle

Front 74

what tissues are largely replaced by scar tissue?

Back 74

cardiac muscle

nervous tissue within the brain and spinal chord

Front 75

_____________ tissue arises from all three primary germ layers

Back 75

epithelial

Front 76

__________ & __________ tissue arises from the mesoderm

Back 76

muscle and connective

Front 77

Nervous tissue arises from ___________.

Back 77

ectoderm

Front 78

with old age their is an _________ in mass and viability in most tissues.

Back 78

decrease