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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cranial Bones
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Frontal, (2)Parietal, Occipital, (2)Temporal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid
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Supraorbital Foramen
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Frontal Bone - Holes above the eye socket at superior external arch
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Supraorbital Margin
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Frontal Bone - superior edge of eye socket
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Lambdoidal Suture
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Posterior - connects Occipital and (2)Parietal bones
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Sagittal Suture
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Connects Parietal bones
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Coronal Suture
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attaches Frontal bone to Parietal bones
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Squamosal Suture
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attach Temporal to Parietal bones
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Foramen Magnum
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Occipital - very large hole for spine
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Occipital Chondyles
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- support skull on vertebrae - 2 - on both sides of Foramen Magnum - smooth, shallow, convex
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Superior and Inferior Nuchal Line
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Occipital - 2 posterior ridges that muscle attach to - the superior ridge marks the end of neck muscle attachment - run side to side
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External Acoustic (Auditory) Meatus
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Temporal - ear hole/channel above Mandibular Condyle and Styloid Process
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Internal Acoustic Meatus
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Temporal - ear hole - channel through Temporal bone
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Styloid Process
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Temporal - tentacle like process under External Acoustic Meatus
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Zygomatic Process
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Temporal - arm that attaches to cheek bone
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Mastoid Process
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Temporal - large, soft-angular extension below External Acoustic Meatus - muscles attach to allow open and close the jaw
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Mandibular Fossa
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Temporal - indentation at inferior base of Zygomatic Process - Mandibular Condyle articulates on this
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Cartoid Canal
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Temporal - may not be able to see through - anterior to the larger Jugular Foramen
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Jugular Foramen
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Temporal - larger holes lateral to the Occipital Condyles
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Stylomastoid Foramen
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Temporal - tiny hole under External Acoustic Meatus, close to two processes that give it its name
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Foramen Lacerum
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Temporal - larger jagged holes near Pterygoid Process - formed at junction of Sphenoid, Occipital and Temporal bones
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Sella Turcica
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Sphenoid - Turk's Saddle
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Optic Foramen / Canal
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Sphenoid - 2 larger holes above saddle - near lesser wings
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Pterygoid Process
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Sphenoid - troughlike arms
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Greater Wing
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Sphenoid - Ear Like - make up part of Orbital socket
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Lesser Wing
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Sphenoid - horn or antennae like
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Superior Orbital Fissure
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Sphenoid - cavity walls created by Greater Wing, body and Lesser Wing of the Sphenoid Bone
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Foramen Lacerum
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Sphenoid - formed by juncture of Sphenoid, Temporal and Occipital bones
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Foramen Ovale
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Sphenoid - oval holes at end of Greater Wing
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Foramen Rotundum
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Sphenoid - mid-size holes close to body/saddle - part of Greater Wing - below Superior Orbital Fissure
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Foramen Spinosum
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Sphenoid - small holes at small tips of Greater Wing
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Cribiform Plate
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Ethmoid - very thin bone with many small holes for olfactory nerves to pass through - superior surface of the Ethmoid bone - paired horizontal plates - forms the roof of the nasal cavities and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa
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Olfactory Foramina/Foramen
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Ethmoid - tiny holes punctured in the Cribriform Plates - allow the filaments of the olfactory nerves to pass from the smell receptors in the nasal cavities to the brain
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Crista Galli
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Ethmoid - crestlike - projects superiorly between the Cribriform Plates
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Perpendicular Plate
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Ethmoid - divides nose
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Middle Nasal Conchae
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Ethmoid - hanging folds of bone
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Angle
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Mandible - posterior inferior angle
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Body
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Mandible - base - angle to chin
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Mandibular Foramen
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Mandible - hole under Mandibular Notch on interior ramus
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Mandibular Notch
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Mandible - half circular indent at top of ramus
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Alveolar Process/Margin
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Mandible - region with tooth sockets
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Condylar Process
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Mandible - has mandibular condyle at its superior end - extension from 1/2 moon shape
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Coronoid Process
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Mandible - shark-fin-like - superior anterior end of 1/2 moon shape
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Ramus
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Mandible - top to bottom - from inferior side of Mandibular Notch to the base of the body
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Incisive Fossa/Foramen
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Maxillae - centralized hole in inferior palate behind front teeth and between the Palatine Process
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Palatine Process
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Maxillae -forms 2/3 of the hard palate - project posteriorly from the Aveolar Margins
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Median Palatine Suture
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Maxillae - gaps around Incisive Fossa - joins Palatine Process
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Infraorbital Foramen
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Maxillae - holes below eye socket
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Facial Bones
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Mandible, Maxillae, Zygomatic, Nasal, Lacrimal, Palatine, Vomer, Inferior Nasal Conchae Bones
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Vomer Bone
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Facial Bone - Inferior bridge to Perpendicular Plate
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Zygomatic Bone
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Facial Bone - cheek bone - forms lateral eye socket
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Nasal Bones
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Facial Bones- bridge of nose
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Lacrimal Bones
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Facial Bone - near tear ducts - fingernail shaped - medial wall of eye socket
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Lacrimal Fossa
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cavity near tear duct hole
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Palatine Bones
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Facial Bones - L-shaped - forms rear 1/3 of palate - made of a horizontal and perpendicular plate
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Vertebral Column
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Atlas, Axis, 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebra, Sacrum(5 fused), Coccyx
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Atlas
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Vertebrae - no body - ringlike - looks like shoulder pads
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Axis
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Vertebrae - atlas sits on to of this - looks like praying man
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Cervical Vertebrae
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7 - transverse foramen
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Thoracic Vertebrae
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12 - giraffe like - round vertebral foramen - transverse processes bear facets for ribs and are thick/rounded projections
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Lumbar Vertebrae
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5 - moose like - transverse process are thin and tapered
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Sacrum
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Vertebrae - triangular - formed from 5 fused vertebrae
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Coccyx
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Vertebrae - tailbone - very small - 3-5 fused vertebrae
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Centrum
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Vertebrae - body
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Vertebral Foramen
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central large hole for spinal chord in your ______ column
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Superior and Inferior Articular Facets
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Vertebrae - smooth joint surfaces of the articular processes covered with hyaline cartilage - together they form movable joints
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Vertebral Arch
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Vertebrae - formed by Lamina and Pedicle - form the Vertebral Foramen
Pedicle - near body Lamina - on both sides of Spinous Process |
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Transverse Process
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Vertebrae - lateral wings - may have articular facets - attachment site for muscles
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Transverse Foramen
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Cervical Vertebrae only - lateral foramen within the lateral processes
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Spinous Process
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Vertebrae - noselike projection - site for muscle attachement
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Dens
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Vertebrae - Axis only - head like projection - originated from body of Atlas
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Rib - Angle
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Thorax - bend
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Rib - Body
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Thorax - shaft
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Rib - Head
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Thorax - wedge shaped head - posterior end articulates with the vertebral bodies by two facets
Costal Facet - demifacets on the body of Thoracic Vertebrae - attach to rib heads - Superior and Anterior Costal Facets |
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Rib - Neck
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Thorax - constricted portion of the rib just beyond the head
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Rib - Costal Groove
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Thorax - on inner face of shaft - lodges the inter_____ nerves and blood vessels
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Rib - Tubercle
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Thorax - lateral to the Neck - knoblike - articulates with the costal facet of the transverse process of the same-numbered Thoracic Vertebrae
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Sternum - Body
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Thorax - long flatbone - bulk of the Sternum - sides are notched where it articulates wiht the costal cartilages of the second to seventh ribs
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Manubrium
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Thorax - superior portion of Sternum - shaped like the knot of a necktie - has two lateral Clavicular Notches and a superior Jugular Notch
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Xiphoid Process
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Thorax - inferior end of Sternum - starts as a hyaline plate but ossifies with age - some abdominal muscles attach to this - frequently broken when CPR administered
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Greater and Lesser Tubercles of Humerus
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Humerus - superior of neck - sites of attachments for rotator cuff muscles - bony prominences behind the head
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Capitulum
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Humerus - bulb of the Trochlea - lateral facing
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Trochlea
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Humerus - wraps around distal/inferior end - site that meets with Ulna and Radius
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Coronoid Fossa
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Humerus - a depression superior to Trochlea on anterior surface
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Olecranon Fossa
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Humerus - a deeper depression superior to the Trochlea on the posterior surface - locks with Ulna to prevent hyper-extension of elbow
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Radial Fossa
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Humerus - a small depression lateral to the Coronoid Fossa - receives the the head of the Radius when the elbow is flexed
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Medial and Lateral Epicondyles
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Humerus - distal/inferior protrusions on sides of Humerus - articulate with the Ulna and Radius
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Radius - Head
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Radius - shaped like the head of a nail - rotates on the radial notch of the Ulna - the superior surface is concave and articulates with the Capitulum of the Humerus
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Radius - Neck
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Radius - tapered - inferior to the Head - superior to the Radial Tuberosity
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Radius - Styloid Process
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Radius - distal and lateral - anchors ligaments that run to the wrist - large and gently tapered
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Ulnar Notch
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Radius - articulates with the Ulna - distal and lateral
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Coronoid Process
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Ulna - inferior projection at head that fits and locks into the ______ Fossa of the distal anterior Humerus
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Ulna - Head
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Ulna - articulated like a monkey wrench, with a superior Olecranon and inferior Coronoid process of the proximal head
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Olecranon Process
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Ulna - superior anterior process of proximal head that locks into the deep ________ Fossa of the distal posterior end of the Humerus - attacks from the back
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Radial Notch
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Ulna - distal head - cavity that articulates with the head of the Radius
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Ulna - Styloid Process
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Ulna - medial to the distal head - much smaller than that of the Radius - attachment sight for a ligament that runs to the wrist
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Trochlear Notch
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Ulna - deep indentation in proximal head that articulates with the ______of the Humerus
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Carpal Bones
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Bones - wrist - recognize as a group
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Metacarpals
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recognize as a group - palm - internal fingers of hand - between wrist and phlanges
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Phalanges
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Carpal Bones - distal, middle & proximal - fingers
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Femur - Lateral and Medial Condyles
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Femur - distal ends where Femur broadens - wheel-like - articulates with the Tibia - medial is larger than lateral
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Greater and Lesser Trochanters
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Femur - at juncture between the head and the shaft - attachment site for thigh and buttock muscles
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Femur - Head
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Femur - ball-like with a small central pit where a ligament runs to the Acetabulum of the Scapula
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Intercondylar Fossa
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Femur - between the condyles on the posterior aspect of the Femur - a deep, U-shaped notch
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Patellar Surface
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Femur - smooth - between the condyles on the distal anterior femoral surface - articulates with the knee-cap
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Femur - Medial and Lateral Epicondyles
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Femur - sites of muscle attachment - flank the condyles superiorly
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Lower Limb Bones
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Femur, Tibia (medial), Fibula (lateral, non-weight bearing), Tarsal Bones
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Medial Malleolus
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Tibia - inferior projection medial to the distal head - forms one of the two ankle bulges
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Tibial Tuberosity
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Tibia - anterior and inferior to the proximal condyles - rough projection sight where the patellar ligament attaches
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Tibia - Lateral and Medial Condyles
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Tibia - proximal head made of these superiorly concave projections - articulate with the corresponding convex condyles of the Femur
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Fibula - Head
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Fibula - more bulbus than distal end - articulates with proximal lateral condyle of the Tibia
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Lateral Malleolus
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Fibula - distal end - forms lateral ankle bulge and articulates with the Talus - more tapered than head
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Calcaneous
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Tarsal Bones - heal bone
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Talus
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Tarsal Bones - sits atop the Calcaneous - articulates with the Tibia and Fibula
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Metatarsals
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Tarsal Bones - toe-shaped bones inside of foot
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Tarsal Bones - Phalanges
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Bones - distal, middle, proximal - toes
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Clavicle - Acromial End
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Clavical - flattened lateral end that articulates with the scapula
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Clavicle - Sternal End
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Clavical - cone shaped medial end - attaches to the Manubrium
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Acromion Process
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Scapula - roughened triangular or hatchet shaped projection the spine ends laterally with this - articulates the the ____ End of the Clavicle
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Coracoid Process
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Scapula - projects anteriorly from the superior scapular border - looks like a bent finger - anchors the biceps
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Scapula - Spine
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Scapula - attaches Acromion Process to the body of the Scapula
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Supraspinous and Infraspinous Fossa
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Scapula - concave indentations above and below the Spine of the Scapula
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Glenoid Fossa
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Scapula - cavity - articulates with the head of the Humerus
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Ilium - Auricular Surface
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Ilium - articulate with the same-named rough face of the Sacrum
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Greater Sciatic Notch
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Ilium - just inferior to the Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine and superior to the Ischial Spine - deep indentation - thick cordlike sciatic nerve passes through this to enter the thigh
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Iliac Crest
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Ilium - superior ridge of bone - where you would rest your hands on your hips - site of attachment for many muscles
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Pelvic Girdle
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Ilium - large flaring bone that forms the superior region of a coxal bone
Ischium - forms the posterioinferior part of the hipbone - L or arc-shaped - thicker, superior body adjoining the Ilium and a thinner Inferior ramus Pubis - anterior portion of the hip bone - lies nearly horizontally - V-shaped |
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Ischial Ramus
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Ischium - joins the Pubis anteriorly - forms part of the Obturator Foramen
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Ischial Spine
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Ischium - projects medially into the pelvic cavity and serves as a point of attachment of the sacrospinous ligament running from the sacrum - below the Greater Sciatic notch
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Lesser Sciatic Notch
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Ischium - inferior to the Ischial Spine - nerves and blood vessels pass through this notch to the anogenital area
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Ischial Tuberoity
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Ischium - rough and thickened inferior surface of the ischial body - forms part of the Obturator Foramen
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Pubis - Inferior Ramus
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Pubis - distal arm of the Pubis - attaches to the Ischial ramus forming part of the Obturator Foramen
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Pubis - Superior Ramus
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Pubis - horizontal arm - attaches to body of IIlium and forms part of the Obturator Foramen
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Pubic Tubercle
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Pubis - anterior lateral end of the pubic crest - thickened, roughened attachment site for the inguinal ligament - lateral to Pubic Symphysis
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Obturator Foramen
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Pubis - large opening in the hip bone - some blood vessels and nerves pass through this - mostly closed by a fibrous membrane in life
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Acetabulum
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Pubis/Ischium/Ilium - C-shaped deep hemispherical socket on the lateral surface of the pelvis - receives the head of the Femur
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