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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom |
The smallest unit of matter |
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proton |
particles carrying positive charge |
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neutron |
particles carry NO charge |
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electrons |
particles carry a negative charfe |
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potential energy |
the energy of position |
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kinetic energy |
the energy of movement |
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e levels or e- shells |
where the electrons or E is located withing an atom or molecule |
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valence shell |
where the outermost electrons are located on an atom |
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valence e- |
important for chemical bonds and the chemical properties of an element or molecule |
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valence |
bonding capacity of an atom |
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chemical bonds |
attempts to fill the outermost shell to become stable molecules |
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covalent bonds |
the strongest type of chemical bond sharing electrons between elements or molecules to fill both outer shells |
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polar molecules |
carry an electrical charge at opposite poles |
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non-polar |
do not have an electrical charfe |
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electronegativity |
element's or molecule's desire to acquire or release electrons |
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structural formula |
show the shape of the molecule |
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molecular formula |
tells the elements, and the number of atoms of each |
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ionic bonds |
fairly strong bonds swapping electrons |
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ions |
charged particles |
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cations |
positively charged particles |
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anions |
negatively charged particles LOVE WATER |
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Hydrogen bonds |
fairly weak bonds IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL BONDS |
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Van der Waals Interactions |
temporary bonds interactions are "created" when electrons clump on one side of an atom making that side temporarily "negative" and the other side "positive" so that charged particles can attach momentarily and then they un-clump |
