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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are tissues |
structure of cells |
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what is connective tissue? |
holds tissue together |
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what is epithelium tissue |
skin/barrier |
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what is muscle tissue |
movement of body |
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what is nervous tissue? |
produces and conducts electricity |
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what are ligaments? |
connective tissue that binds bone to bone |
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what are tendons? |
connective tissue that binds muscle to bone |
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what is fasciae? |
protects/supports deep structures |
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what is fibroblast? |
produce connective tissue collagen, yellow C.T, reticular fibers |
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what are osteoblasts? |
produce bone |
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what is chondroblast? |
produces cartilage |
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what are the functions of bone? |
frame on muscle attachments, protection, production of cells, storage of calcium & phosphorus, energy source |
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what does articular cartilage do? |
reduces friction |
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what are epiphyseal plates? |
growth plates |
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what does periosteum do? |
blood supply |
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what is cancellous bone? |
spongey bone |
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what is scar tissue? |
granulation tissue |
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what is hematopoiesis |
production of blood |
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what is diaphysis? |
shaft of long bone |
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what is bone? |
ostiod (strips of collagen) |
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what is osteoporosis |
loss of calcium in bone |
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what is bone density? |
determines how hard bone is |
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what is osteoclast |
bone destruction |
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what is a joint capsule? |
surrounds the synovial joint |
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what is synovial membrane? |
lubrication of joints (joint fluid) |
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what are the 2 haversions canals? |
1. blood vessels 2. sensory nerves |
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what is luxation? |
dislocation of a joint |
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what are endocrine glands? |
has no ducts, secretes hormones into bloodstream |
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deossification |
breaking bone production |
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hormones |
messengers |
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osteoarthritis |
inflammation of bone and joints |
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osteophytes |
abnormal production of bone (bone spur) |
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what does OFA stand for |
orthopedic foundation for animals |
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what is prosthesis |
replacement of whole hip |
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what is the source, target, and effect of calcitonin? |
thyroid, osteoblast, increases bone production |
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what is the source, target, and effect for parathormone? |
parathyroid, osteoclast, increase bone production and blood calcium |
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what is hip displasia? |
genetic disease where acetabulum is shallow |
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what are 3 surgical hip displasia treatments? |
triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO), total hip replacement (THR), femoral head and neck osteotomy (FHNO) |
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what is endochondral ossification? |
production inside cartilage |
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what is bilateral? |
both sides |
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what is intramembranous ossification |
production of long bones |
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what is crepitus |
crackling sounds (bone on bone) |
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what is an open fracture? |
bone breaks through skin |
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what is a closed fracture? |
fracture inside the skin |
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what is a green stick fracture? |
only cracked slightly, young animals |
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what is a transverse fracture? |
fracture across bone |
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what is an oblique fracture |
diagonal fracture (most common open fracture) |
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what is a spiral fracture? |
breaks spirally around bone |
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what is a condylar fracture? |
fracture on the condyle |
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what is an avulsion fracture |
when a tendon breaks a piece of bone when it tears |
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what is a comminuted fracture? |
when the bone shatters |
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what is a pathologic fracture? |
breaks without trauma |
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the four stages of bone healing |
1. fracture hematoma 2. fibrocartilage callus 3. osseus callus 4. bone remodeling |
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how long does it take for long bone to heal |
6-8 weeks |
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how long does it take for flat bone to heal? |
4-5 weeks |
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what is osteomyelitis? |
bacterial infection in bone |
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what is isotonic solution? |
PSS (physiologic saline 0.9%) |
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what is a bone bank? |
store bone |
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what is osteoporosis? |
decrease in calcium in bone |
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what is circulate wire? |
prevents fragments from moving |
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what is etiology? |
study of cause of infection |
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what is ischemia? |
decrease in blood supply |
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what is a joint mouse? |
cartilage that breaks off |
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what is OCD? |
osteochondritis dessicans -> bone grows too fast |
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what is a drawer sign? |
a sign to identify cranial cruciate tear |
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what is chondroblast |
produces cartilage |
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what is arteriosclerosis? |
hardening of arteries |
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4 dense fibrous connective tissue |
1. collagen 2. reticular fibers 3. yellow elastic fibers 4. ground substance |
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what are the four locations of dense fibrous connective tissues |
1. tendons 2. ligaments 3. fascae 4. periosteum |
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locations of yellow elastic fibers |
aorta, dermis, lungs |
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locations of reticular connective tissue |
exocrine glands and endocrine glands |
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location of areolar loose connective tissue |
filler "dead space" |
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location of adipose tissue |
subcutaneous and abdominal cavity |
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what is lipogenesis? |
production of fat |
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what is subcutaneous? |
deepest portion of skin |
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what is emphysema? |
loss of elasticity in lungs |
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what is mitosis? |
cell division |
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what is mitotic index? |
number of cells going into mitosis |
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what is peristalsis? |
wave like contractions |
