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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption of Sulfonamides
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Well absorbed PO
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Distribution of Sulfonamides
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Low
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Metabolism/Elimination of Sulfonamides
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Metabolized by liver
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Distribution of Diaminopyrimidine
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Higher than sulfonamides
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Absorption of Macrolides
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Varies depending on drug
Tilmycosin and Tulathromycin have slow absorption |
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Distribution of Macrolides
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High
Concentrates in cells and tissues- hard to relate serum concentration to MIC (serum concentrations appear low) |
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Metabolism/Elimination of Macrolides
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Metabolized in the liver
Long half-lives due to high concentration in tissues |
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Absorption of Fluoroquinolones
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Varies by drug
Ciprofloxacin- F= 50% in dogs, 10% in horses Enrofloxacin- F= 70-80% |
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Distribution of Fluoroquinolones
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Moderate-High
Lipophilic Concentrates in macrophages |
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Metabolism/Elimination of Fluoroquinolones
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Most eliminated as parent drug in kidneys
Enrofloxacin is metabolized to ciprofloxacin |
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Distribution of Lincosamides
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Moderate
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Metabolism/Elimination of Lincosamides
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Metabolized in liver
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Absorption of Tetracyclines
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Not well absorbed PO
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Distribution of Tetracyclines
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Low-Moderate
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Metabolism/Elimination of Tetracyclines
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Eliminated in kidney as parent drug
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Absorption of Chloramphenicol
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Well absorbed PO
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Distribution of Chloramphenicol
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Low-Moderate
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Metabolism/Elimination of Chloramphenicol
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Metabolized in liver
Inhibits Cyt P450 |
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Absorption of Florfenicol
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Well absorbed PO PO, IM, SQ
Slow IM, SQ absorption in cattle |
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Distribution of Florfenicol
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Low
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Metabolism/Elimination of Florfenicol
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Metabolized in liver (not Cyt P450)
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Absorption of Aminoglycosides
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Poorly absorbed PO
Rapid and complete absorption IM/SQ |
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Distribution of Aminoglycosides
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Low
Water soluble- doesn't enter cells |
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Metabolism/Elimination of Aminoglycosides
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Eliminated in kidney as parent drug
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Absorption of Beta Lactams
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Dependent on drug formulation- e.g. Penicillin G- Na/K salts have a short half-life (increased availability), while procaine is longer and benzathine binds very tightly, lowering availability and increasing elimination time
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Distribution of Beta Lactams
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Low
Water Soluble Weak Acid |
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Metabolism/Elimination of Beta Lactams
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Eliminated by kidney as parent drug
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Absorption of Cephalosporins
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Well absorbed PO, IM, SQ
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Distribution of Cephalosporins
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Low
Generation 3 (Mostly Group 4) crosses BBB |
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Metabolism/Elimination of Cephalosporins
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Most are eliminated by kidney as the parent drug
Ceftiofur- only exception- metabolized in liver |
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Efficacy of Fluoroquinolones
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Depends on AUC : MIC ratio
>100-125 |
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Efficacy of Macrolides
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Time-dependent
Erythromycin: need 100% of dosing interval above MIC |
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Efficacy of Lincosamides
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Time-dependent
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Efficacy of Tetracyclines
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Time-dependent
Need 50-100% of dosing interval above MIC |
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Efficacy of Chloramphenicol
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Time-dependent
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Efficacy of Florfenicol
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Time-dependent
Need 50-100% of dosing interval above MIC |
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Efficacy of Aminoglycasides
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Depends on peak concentration
Cmax : MIC = 8-10 : 1 |
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Efficacy of Beta Lactams
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Time-dependent
Need 50% of dosing interval above MIC |
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Efficacy of Cephalosporins
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Time-dependent
Need 50% of dosing interval above MIC |
