Anti-Htn Drugs And Anti-Angiotensins

Front 1

The following drugs belong to what class?
propranolol, timolol, nebivolol, pindolol, atenolol, labetalol, carvedilol, metoprolol, and nadolol

Back 1

BETA BLOCKERS

Front 2

MOA of beta blockers?

Back 2

block beta-one receptors on the heart, resulting in decreased CO and therefore decreased BP
also block beta-one receptors on JG cells of the kidney to (-) renin production = decreased BP

Front 3

What makes Beta BLockers suitable drugs for maintenance in CHF?

Back 3

The decreased CO also means the amount of work the heart needs to do is decreased; their role is to minimize the amount of cardiac work

Front 4

Beta blockers in conjunction with other meds can also be used to help minimize the symptoms of what?

Back 4

HYPERTHYROIDISM

Front 5

Besides resulting in decreased CO how do beta blockers exert their antiHTN effects?

Back 5

decrease renin production which will decrease Ang II, which decreased total peripheral resistance as well as decreased aldosterone (decrease Na and H2O retention- decreased blood vol.) and results in decreased BP

Front 6

What are the non-selective beta blockers that also block alpha-ones? (2)

Back 6

Labetalol and carvedilol

Front 7

What are the beta-one selective blockers? (3)

Back 7

Metoprolol, Atenolol, Nebivolol

Front 8

What are the non-selective beta-blockers? (4)

Back 8

Propranolol, pindolol, timolol, nadolol

Front 9

Which beta blockers are CI in patients with COPD and asthma?

Back 9

non-selective beta-blockers

Front 10

What are the ADRs of beta-blockers? (5)

Back 10

impotence, fatigue, insomnia, decreased HDL, and increased TGs

Front 11

How do thiazides work as antihypertensive agenst?

Back 11

block Na uptake in the DCT resulting in increased sodium (and therefore H2O) excretion; that then results in decreased volume and thus decreased CO

Front 12

What are the ADRs of thiazides? (3)

Back 12

hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, and hyperuricemia

Front 13

What is the most commonly used thiazied?

Back 13

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 14

List the 3 Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)?

Back 14

Diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil

Front 15

Which CCB affects the vasculature only?

Back 15

Nifedipine

Front 16

Which 2 CCB affect both the heart and the vasculature?

Back 16

verapamil and diltiazem

Front 17

Which antihypertensive agents ADRs include constipation, vertigo, headache, fatigue, and hypotension?

Back 17

CCBs

Front 18

MOA of CCBs?

Back 18

Block the ability of Ca to enter the cell and decreased contration force to decrease CO and BP
Result in VD at the level of vasculature

Front 19

What are the 3 ACE inhibitors?

Back 19

captopril, lisinopril and enalapril

Front 20

MOA of ACE inhibitors?

Back 20

inhibit conversion of Ang I to Ang II = increased VD; decreased water and sodium retention and increased bradykinin activity

Front 21

Which antihypertensive agents cause dry cough, rash, altered taste, fist dose syncope and is fetotoxic?

Back 21

ACE (-)

Front 22

Prazosin and terazosin belong to which antihypertensive agent class?

Back 22

alpha blockers

Front 23

ADRs for this class of anti-hypertensives is reflex tachycardia and first dose syncope?

Back 23

alpha blockers

Nirtoprusside and Diazoxide especially

Front 24

Why aren't Angiotensin II antagonists generally not as powerful as the ACE (-)'s?

Back 24

They do not stopo Ang II production and do NOT block the ACE-directed degradation of bradykinin

Front 25

MOA of ANg II antagonists?

Back 25

produce VD and decreased aldosterone production

Front 26

How do minoxidil and nitroprusside work?

Back 26

vasodilators

Front 27

What is the MOA of clonidine and alpha-methyldopa?

Back 27

central alpha 2 agonist

Front 28

What drug is a smooth muscle relaxant, producing VD?

Back 28

hydralazine

Front 29

What is the well known side effect of minoxidil?

Back 29

hypertrichosis

Front 30

Which agent is poisonous if given orally because of its hydrolysis to CN?

Back 30

nitroprusside

Front 31

What is the first-line treatment for patients with BPs in excess of 140/90?

Back 31

Thiazides

Front 32

What is the target BP for those with a high risk for coronary artery disease?

Back 32

<130/80

Front 33

What is the first-line drug for patients with chronic renal disease or with DM?

Back 33

ACE (-) or an ARB

Front 34

Patients with Stage 2 hypertension must be given how many drugs?

Back 34

TWO

Front 35

What are the DOC for patients with a HX of stable/unstable angina or MI?
If that doesn't work what should be added?

Back 35

Beta-blocker PLUS an ACE (-) or ARB
ADD a CCB or thiazide

Front 36

The use of verapamil, diltiazem, clonidine, and alpha blockers are CI in which patients?

Back 36

CHF

Front 37

What is the DOC for heart failure itself?

Back 37

Digoxin

Front 38

What is a hypertensive emergency?

Back 38

diastolic >150 with systolic >210

Front 39

Although metabolizm of Nitroprusside to CN is usually not a problem if give IV how is it treated if it does become problematic?

Back 39

infusion with sodium thiosulfate

Front 40

What is the treatment of a hypertensive emergency?

Back 40

nitroprusside or diazoxide or labetalol

Front 41

Does Labetalol cause reflex tachycardia?

Back 41

NO

Front 42

what agent causes hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and hormone-related side effects?

Back 42

Spironolactone

Front 43

List the potassium-sparing diuretic?

Back 43

Spironolactone