Anthropology Final

Front 1

Patterns of culture
Definition

Back 1

Puts cultural behavior into context
values and aesthetics which provide a baseline for every set of behaviors and patterning that result
Way thought is manifested into action
Cultural patterning that brought about the purpose of behavior

Front 2

Patterns of culture
Example

Back 2

Margaret Mead "Early Influences that mould the Arapesh Personality"
Way in which childhood rearing implants certain predispositions in children
during 1st months, child always close to mother so if it is fretful or irritible it can be put in a sling and given a comforting breast
crying is a tragedy to be avoided at any cost attitude that is carried over later into life

Front 3

Fieldwork method
Definition

Back 3

Goal of method was to create a blue print for systematic way of obtaining information
Grounded in outsider etic (observation)
Consists of sketching three levels of social body
1) skeleton
2) Imponderabilia
3) Corpus inscriptonium

Front 4

Fieldwork method
example

Back 4

Hortense Powdermaker "stranger and friend"
Skeleton: conducts a census
Imponderabilia: observes and understands reciprocal nature of gift giving
Corpus inscriptonium: ritual dancing for initiation rites, practice many nights ahead of time, dress up, dnace all night, boys circumcized in morning

Front 5

Scientific anti-racism
Definition

Back 5

Challenges notion of race based heirarchy
Belief that potential and aptitude is shared by all mankind
Faculty and achievment unique however between people and races
Outside characteristic influence physical features

Front 6

Scientific anti-racism
example

Back 6

Franz Boas "Human faculty as determined by race"
Primitive man: skeleton light, bones thinner, denser. Clear effects of malnutrition. demonstrates necessity of physical effort
Civilized man: muscular effort slighter and more specialized
domestic/wild animal

Front 7

Cultural capital
definition

Back 7

Symbolic indication of one's social status
Gives individual certain socioeconomic status based on acquired dispositions
Way in which desires attachments and longings are subjectively produced
Idea forwarded by Pierre Bourdieu

Front 8

Cultural capital
example

Back 8

Aihwa Ong "Flexible Citizenship"
Pavoratti not accesible to Malaysian public nor particularly interested in it
All about visiblity of overseas chinese--this is trying to achieve interntaional attention
Cultural capital incalcuable because among transnational publics, visibility is everything
Capital determined by class and status--Pavoratti has nothing to do w/ national personality but about outward displays of money and status

Front 9

Flexible citizenship
definition

Back 9

Way in which peopple adjust to political and economic conditions brough about by globalization in a fluid and opportunistic way
Desire to accumulate capital and social prestige in global arena
Usually immigration effected by home country
Social prestige determined by host country

Front 10

Flexible citizenship
example

Back 10

Chinese living in Hong KOng fearful of impending rule by mainland and interested in tapping into overseas riches migrate to san francisco
Settle in a feng shui location
Children begin social grooming
Propitious location, trapppings of wealth and appropriate body language are cultural forms immigrants must master in order to convert economic power into social prestige

Front 11

Participant observation
Definition

Back 11

A method of fieldwork in which
1) anthropologist participates in dialy rituals of native informants to get hang of everyday life
2) maintains distance in order to draw up objective observation in order to get social facts of the society

Front 12

Participant observation
Example

Back 12

Hortense Powdermaker "Stranger and Friend"
Participant: Participates in intiation rite by attending rehersals to get hang of daily life and then began to dance with them. soon invited to participate in dancing during ritual
Observer: In interviews such as that with older man to gather information about black magic. Also always taking notes

Front 13

Everyday violence
Definition

Back 13

Structure of everyday violence is recognition of people as DISPENSIBLE/IGNORED (like residents of alto)
What might be taken as eceptional is in fact the norm

Front 14

Everyday violence
example

Back 14

Several men of Alto, each black, young and in trouble with law were seized from homes by unidentified men in uniform and were disappeared. a few weeks after two of the bodies were found slashed, mutilated, and dumped between rows of sugarcane. Police arrived with graphic photos for family members to identify.

Hint 14

3 tiered social body/hunger
1) Experience: clinical negligence that leaves man crippled. mother expected to identify mangeled body of her son
2) symbolic repreentation of violence: church bells ringing when each baby dies
3) Poltical-economic experience of violence: anonymity of victims in bom jesus in comparision to the way respectible citizens treated by govenrment

Front 15

(m)other love
definition

Back 15

Mother love: natural, presmed universal relationship, biologically motivated bond between mother and child
other love: challenges idea of natural love a mother is supposed to feel. strange indifference and favoritism towards children. mother/child relationship is shaped by culture

Front 16

(m)othere love
example

Back 16

Rosa who kills her child is an extreme example
Favoritism: Lourdes delivers child that was fair, robust w/ lusty cry. She showed great interest in newborn and ignored Ze. Ze spent days miserably curled up in fetal position and lying on a piece of urine-soaked cardboard beneath mother's hammock. Tries to rescue child but cannot fight with death. If baby wants to die it will die