Anthropology 102 Exam 2

Front 1

Which book did not have a three-stage system or scheme?

Back 1

none of the above

Front 2

In "Planet of the Apes," the idea that Taylor's people were wiped out by a plague or meteor shower is a form of what kind of evolutionary explanation?

Back 2

catastrophism

Front 3

What was not included in Thomsen’s first stage of prehistoric human development?

Back 3

objects made of animal skin

Front 4

Which group did not make it to Morgan’s last stage of human societal development?

Back 4

Egyptians

Front 5

How did Usher determine the age of the earth?

Back 5

counted generations in the bible

Front 6

What date did Usher conclude was when the earth was created?

Back 6

4004 BC

Front 7

When detailing his main scholarly inspirations, Darwin declared that his ownpersonal work came “half out of” whose brain?

Back 7

Lyell

Front 8

Who was the first evolutionary scholar to emphasize the role of the environment in how species changed?

Back 8

Comte de Buffon

Front 9

Which of the following anthropologists concluded that Western society is obsessed with the number“3,” and that we divide everything into thirds?

Back 9

Dundes

Front 10

Linnaeus

Back 10

Nature's Systems

Front 11

Hutton

Back 11

theory of the earth

Front 12

McClennan

Back 12

Primitive Marriage

Front 13

Morgan

Back 13

Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity

Front 14

Lyell

Back 14

principles of geology

Front 15

darwin

Back 15

origins of the species

Front 16

Comte de Buffon

Back 16

Natural History

Front 17

Bachofen

Back 17

mother right

Front 18

Malthus

Back 18

on the principal of human population

Front 19

Tylor

Back 19

primitive culture

Front 20

Lamarck

Back 20

philosophy of zoology

Front 21

What is the order of the Authors from Earliest to Latest? (Remember: Usher Likes Having Darwin Eat-Pie)

Back 21

Usher

Linnaeus

Hutton

Darwin

Evans-Pritchard

Front 22

Evolution is not only the unifying theme in anthropology but in all of the biological sciences as well.

Back 22

False

Front 23

Medieval commoners often ventured more than 25 miles from the site of their birth and death duringtheir life.

Back 23

False

Front 24

Linnaeus was obsessed with order, control, and symmetry in his classifications.

Back 24

True

Front 25

Lamarck was ridiculed for his evolutionary ideas and died in poverty

Back 25

True

Front 26

Only the very end of The Origin of Species discusses human evolution

Back 26

true

Front 27

Darwin did not invent the concept of evolution, but he was the first to show how it worked

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

In the Eskimo kinship system, all of your cousins are considered your brothers and sisters

Back 28

FALSE

Front 29

Americans follow what has been defined as an Australian kinship system.

Back 29

FALSE

Front 30

The 3-stage sequence and scheme was well known and established by the 1850s

Back 30

TRUE

Front 31

Evans-Pritchard dedicated The Nuer to the Nuer informants that helped him in his research

Back 31

FALSE

Front 32

The Nuer are avid hunters

Back 32

FALSE

Front 33

The Nuer live in Sudan

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

Lyell is the father of modern geology

Back 34

FALSE

Front 35

Western thought and culture has been greatly influenced by the Judeo-Christian tradition.

Back 35

TRUE

Front 36

Lamarck believed that migration and the environment caused species to change

Back 36

FALSE

Front 37

In an effort to sound more scientific, many scholars during the Renaissance latinized their names

Back 37

TRUE

Front 38

What are the three main concepts in the idea of the "fixity of species"? Which historic scholar fromlecture vigorously defended the idea?

Back 38

Carl Von Linnaeus defended the ideas that:

1. God is nature, and nature is perfect.

2. Nature was created by God only once.

3. Nature never changes.

Front 39

Name and define the 2 types of kinship

Back 39

1. Consanguineal- by blood

2. Affinal- by marriage

Front 40

What is Catastrophism, how does it account for the diverse fossil record, and who first defined it?

Back 40

First defined by Georges Cuvier,

catastrophism explained that Earth’s history was a series of catastrophes and subsequent creations. Cuvier believed in both catastrophism and creationism, the way he accounted for the fossils was that catastrophes wiped out many creations of god and diverse fossils are just evidence of fallen original creations that didnt survive.

Front 41

What is Uniformitarianism, in what field did it originate, and who were the two scholars that defined itin the late 18th and early 19th centuries?

Back 41

The theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from the action of continuous and uniform processes.Originated in the field of geology. Hutton and Lyell defined it in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Front 42

What are Dr. Zaius’s two governmental titles? What two ideas does he unite? What figure in the historyof evolutionary theory does he resemble and why?

Back 42

Dr. Zaius is both Minister of Science and Defender of the Faith.

He unites science and religion.

Copernicus because he made careful scientific observations and calculations but was also backed by the Pope and Church thus uniting the two ideas.

Front 43

What is the difference between endogamy and exogamy?

Back 43

Endogamy: marriage within the tribe or group

Exogamy: marriage outside the tribe

Front 44

Contrast the relationship between E. E. Evans-Pritchard and the Nuer with the relationship betweenBenedict and the Pueblos.

Back 44

EP hated the Nuer and the region they lived in. There was animosity between him and the native people, neither of them liked each other.

He got sick and was treated as an outsider.

His work shows that he believes these people are savages.

Benedict fell in love with the Pueblo people. She was loved and found acceptance for the first time in her life.

Her work shows her favoritism towards the Pueblo people and their culture.

Front 45

In Iroquois society, how would you treat your parallel cousin differently from your cross cousin?

Back 45

In Iroquois society your parallel cousin would be your sibling, and your cross cousin would be a normal cousin. Also, an opposite sex cross cousin would be your optimal choice for an arranged marriage.

Front 46

Darwin's early works

Back 46

Anagenesis

Front 47

Darwin's later works

Back 47

cladogenesis

Front 48

Sudden bursts of change

Back 48

cladogenesis

Front 49

Fixity of species

Back 49

stasis

Front 50

Slow evolution

Back 50

Anagenesis

Front 51

Fast Evolution

Back 51

Cladogenesis

Front 52

Results in many intermediate forms

Back 52

Anagenesis

Front 53

Developed in the 20th century

Back 53

cladogenesis

Front 54

Developed in the 19th century

Back 54

anagenesis

Front 55

Accused of being a Marxist doctrine

Back 55

cladogenesis

Front 56

Linnaeus's ideas regarding nature

Back 56

stasis

Front 57

List Darwin's theory, its definition, and how it hurt our fragile ego.

Back 57

Evolution-

A Gradual change in the characteristics of a population of animals or plants over successive generations

We are not specially created

Front 58

List Copernicus' theory, its definition, and how it hurt our fragile ego.

Back 58

Heliocentrism-

Planets revolve around the sun, not the earth

We are not the center of the universe.