Anthro Lab Ch 10

Front 1

What suborder are lemurs classified as?

Back 1

Strepsirhini

Front 2

What suborder are monkeys classified as?

Back 2

Haplorhini

Front 3

What suborder are apes classified as?

Back 3

Haplorhini

Front 4

What suborder are humans classified as?

Back 4

Haplorhini

Front 5

What infraorder are apes classified as?

Back 5

Catarrhini

Front 6

What infraorder are Old World Monkeys classified as?

Back 6

Catarrhini

Front 7

What infraorder are New World Monkeys classified as?

Back 7

Platyrrhini

Front 8

What infraorder are humans classified as?

Back 8

Catarrhini

Front 9

What superfamily are humans and apes classified as?

Back 9

Hominoidea

Front 10

What superfamily are Old World Monkeys classified as?

Back 10

Cercopithecoidea

Front 11

What suborder are tarsiers classified as?

Back 11

Haplorhini

Front 12

What infraorder are tarsiers classified as?

Back 12

Tarsiiformes

Front 13

Physical Characteristics of Strepsirhini

Back 13

- wet nose

- relatively smaller brain

- no postorbital closure

- orbits with more lateral orientation

- tapetum lucidum (help seeing at night)

- unfused mandible

- molars w/ high, pointy cusps

- long snout

- split upper lip

- toothcomb

- grooming claw

Front 14

Physical Characteristics of Haplorhini

Back 14

- dry nose

- relatively larger brain

- postorbital closure

- orbits w/ more forward orientation

- no tapetum lucidum (help seeing at night)

- fused mandible

- molars with flatter cusps

- shorter snout

- continuous upper lip

- nails on all digits

Front 15

Physical Characteristics Tariers DON'T have

Back 15

- fused mandible

- molars with flatter cusps

- nails on all digits

Front 16

Physical Characteristics of Tarsiiformes

Back 16

- vertical clingers and leapers

- huge eye orbits for nocturnality

- unfused mandible

- grooming claw

- molars w/ sharp, pointy cusps

Front 17

Physical Characteristics of Platyrrhini (NWM)

Back 17

- side-directed nostrils

- dental formula 2133

- no bony ear tube

- some w/prehensile tail

Front 18

Physical Characteristics of Catarrhini (OWM)

Back 18

- forward or down-directed nostrils

- dental formula 2123

- bony ear tube

Front 19

Physical Characteristics of Ceropithecoidea (OWM)

Back 19

- bilophodont molars

- narrow thorax

- tail (not prehensile)

Front 20

Physical Characteristics of Hominidea

Back 20

- largest relative brain size

- Y5 molars

- broad thorax

- no tail

Front 21

Characteristics of Primates

Back 21

• unique ear region
• retention of unspecialized limb skeleton
• nails, tactile pads
• grasping hind feet w/opposable first toes
• increased emphasis on vision: forward facing eyes, color vision, expanded occipital & temporal lobes
• post orbital bar
• enlarged brain relative to body size
• less emphasis on olfaction (smell)
• fewer teeth
• longer period of infant dependency
• most are gregarious (live in social groups)

Front 22

Folivory

Back 22

leaf-eating

Front 23

Frugivory

Back 23

fruit-eating

Front 24

Gramnivory

Back 24

seed-eating

Front 25

Gummivory

Back 25

gum-eating

Front 26

Insectivorous

Back 26

insect-eating

Front 27

Omnivourous

Back 27

variety of plant/animal matter

Front 28

Where were new world monkeys located?

Back 28

South/Central America

Front 29

Where were old world monkeys located?

Back 29

Africa and Asia

Front 30

Where were lemurs located?

Back 30

Africa

Front 31

Analogy

Back 31

Feature evolves independently in different groups as a result of similar evolutionary pressures resulting in similar adaptations

Ex: dolphin

Front 32

Homology

Back 32

Features of two groups may be similar because their common ancestor had the feature and both descendant groups inherited it.

Ex: dog & bear = humerus

Front 33

Why are homologous features useful?

Back 33

They reflect evolutionary relationships and can help with classification.

Front 34

Primitive Features

Back 34

Vertebral column is a primitive feature for vertebrates.

Front 35

Derived Features

Back 35

Features shared by and unique to mammals, distinct and changed from those of the common ancestor.

Ex. primates have opposable thumbs, but not all mammals do

Front 36

Examples of New World Monkeys

Back 36

Spider monkey, capuchins, squirrel monkeys, marmosets and tamarins.