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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Agriculture |
Food procurement primarily through domestication of plants and animals |
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Appalachia |
Mountainous areas of eastern North America, especially eastern Kentucky to northern Alabama |
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Carrying Capacity |
The population an environment can support without doing irreversible environmental damage |
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Cultural Relativity |
readiness to understand and accept someone else's non-harmful behaviors as right and appropriate in their cultural context |
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Culture |
Shared behaviors, learned and reproduced by members of society; includes material culture, subsistence strategies, social and political organization, world view, art play, language and enculturation |
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Culture Shock |
Disorientation from sudden immersment in a culture with markedly different values, practices, and/or language than one's own |
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Egalitarian |
Equal Access to resources |
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Enculturation |
Learning one's own culture |
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Ethnoventrism |
Judging all groups of people from one's own cultural perspective to the point that the person thinks that only their cultural values are right and appropriate |
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Ethongraphy |
A descriptive account of a particular culture, usually containing an in depth analysis of the whole cultural system |
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Foraging |
Food procurement primarily though gathering and hunting |
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Holistic perspective (holism) |
A perspective in anthropology that brings a holistic/global/systemic perspective way of looking at cultures; used with the comparative method |
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Horticulture |
Food procurement primarily through domestication of plants |
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Industrial Agriculture |
Food procurement primarily though the application of industrial technology and chemicals to farming |
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Kava |
Plant grown on Pohnpei used in ritual symbolizing atonement, forgiveness |
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Matrilineal |
Name and/or clan/family relationships follow mother's line |
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Pastoralism |
Food procurement primarily through herding of animals |
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Ranked |
Access to resources determined by individual and/or family and/or community status |
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Sedentary Communities |
Human settlement pattern involving long term communities |
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Stratified |
Severly restricted access to resources |
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Subsistence |
Means by which human groups make use of environmental resources to fulfill human needs |
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Sustainable Agriculture |
Renewable, replenishible, agriculture; not degrading to the environment |
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Balanced Reciprocity |
Exchange of goods, services, etc. with an expectation of material return; loosely structured |
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Capitalism |
An economic mode of production, a market system, where the goal is to amass wealth in order to control resources and amass greater wealth; land, labor, other goods, even people are commodities to be bought, sold, traded |
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World Captialist System |
World Economic system, emerged in the 16th century, committed to production for sale, with the object of maximizing profits; always needing more to continue to maximize profits |
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Generalized Reciprocity |
Exchange of goods, services, etc. without keeping track of their exact value; without expectation of material return |
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Negative Reciprocity |
Exchange of goods, services, etc. lacking positive social relations; cash on the line; raids |
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Redistribution |
Mode of exchange where there is a collection of goods, services, etc. by a central authority then the goods, services, etc. are redistributed to the members of society |
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Optimal Foraging Theory |
Predicts that collectors/foragers will pursue or harvest only those species of plants or animals that maximize the rate of caloric return for the time spent foraging |
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Pohnpei |
Member of Federated States of Micronesia; tropical island in South Pacific Ocean |
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Modernization |
Rapid cultural change based on introduction to industrialism and the world market system |
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Tributary Mode of Production |
A mode of production where products are extracted as surplus from a self-supporting peasantry and used to support some form of political state |
