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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abaya
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long black cloak headcovering for Iraqi women
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Abu/Um
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father/mother in arabic 
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Anthropology
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"- comparative study of human societies, cultures, and their development.
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Ashura
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10th day of muharram fast
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Bayt
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arabic word for house
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bint-amm
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female cousin in arabic (father's brother's daughter)
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Bronislaw Malinowski 
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20th C British anthropologist who focused on Pacific islands and coined the term participant observation 
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Cognitive Map
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mental representation of someone's environment 
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Cosmology
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study of spatial relations, symbolically coded
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Cultural relativism 
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principle that individuals beliefs and activities should be understood in terms of his/her own culture
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Culture 
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"- human capacity o create and use symbolic systems & recognize patterns, and lend meaning to everyday activities
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- Culture is learned
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shared, adaptive, symbolic, & patterned"
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Culture shock 
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disorientation when someone is subjected to unfamiliar culture
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Dab
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spirit in Fadiman book, threaten to take away the soul of humans and Lia-Li
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Division of Labor
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specialization of cooperative labor in specific roles 
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Duo Dongo
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People who live in the highlands (Bima)
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EE Evans-Prichard
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20th C English Anthropologist developed social anthropology 
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El-Nahra
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City in S Iraq where Beeja & Bod do anti study
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Emic
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getting the insiders POV,perspective, frame of reference 
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Emile Durkheim
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sociologist that said that societies can be studied as objective realities (two solidarities)
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Empirical
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Based on verifiability, observation, experience NOT theory or logic
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Endogamy 
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marrying with in ones own ethnic religious or social group 
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Ethnocentrism 
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Belief in superiority of ones own ethnic group & culture 
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Ethnography
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scientific description of the customs & culture of individual people & cultures 
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Fieldwork 
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practical work conducted by a researcher in natural environment rather than lab or office  
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Foota
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scarf worn by Iraqi women on the chin
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Gemeinschaft
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social relations btw individuals based on close personal and family ties (community)
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Gender 
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state of being male or female & culurally loaded meaning of being each 
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Haram/Halal
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"Haram = ritually forbidden/sin
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Halal
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- ritually permissible"
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Hmong  
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Group of people from isolated maintain villages in SE Asia, mainly Laos
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Holistic
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comprehensive nature intimately interconnected and explicable by reference to the whole 
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Hierarchy 
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system or ranking where individuals are ranked according to status or authority 
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Hu Plig 
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Soul calling - for bringing baby into this world, wedding, etc...)
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Ibn-khaal
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male cousin (brother's son)
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Iid-el-fitr
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feast of fast breaking, following ramadan
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Inductive 
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theory of reasoning, general laws from particular instances 
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Inference
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how we interpret an educated guess, based on observation & facts 
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Institution 
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society or organization founded for religious educated or social with a similar purpose 
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Intersubjectivity
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shared sets of meaning that people have about themselves & where they live resulting from everyday experience 
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Karbala
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City inS Iraq, holy center for Shiite muslims, burial site for grandson of Muhammed 
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Kinship
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sharing of characteristics origin, ethnic nation 
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Kraya
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religious reading, common in shiite tradition 
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Laos
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country in SE Asia with much Chinese influence 
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Liminal 
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occupying a position of a foundry or threshold 
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Mechanical solidarity 
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unity of people based on resemblances or performing similar tasks 
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Organic solidarity 
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based on a division of labor, very interdependent 
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Metacommunication 
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communication about communication, usually non-verbal (eye rolling, shrug)
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Mixtec
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American-indian people of southern Mexico (Oaxaca)
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Mudhif
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tribal guest house, I Iraq
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Nacirema 
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American spelled backwards, ritualistic teeth cleaning, flossing, represents an ETIC understanding, NOT EMIC 
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Nuyoo
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City in Oaxca Mexico
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Participant Observation 
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"Field of research method, develops knowledge of people through taking part in daily rituals and convos
- Created by Bronsilow Malinowski" |
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Qualitative 
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measured/describing by QUALITY not quantity 
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Ramadan 
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Muslim month of fasting 
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Rank
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position within a gorup
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Role
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function assumed by person in a particular situation 
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Sirdah
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Summer cellar 
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Social roles/role relationships 
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mutual interlocking rights & duties (IE student-teacher) 
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Socialization 
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lifelong process of inheriting, disseminating norms, customs, ideologies, providing individual with skills habits necessary for participating within the society  
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Solidarity 
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Unique agreement faling action among individuals with a common interest, mutual support within a group 
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Souq
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Iraqi market usually frequented by men 
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Status
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High rank or social standing within a hierarchy 
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Status epileptics 
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brain is in a state of persistent seizure acute prolonged neurological disorder 
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Structure 
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arrangement & relations btw parts/elements of something complex 
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Symbol
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mark or character used as a conventional representation 
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Systematicity  
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act/quality of being in a system, interrelationship aspect and how things interact 
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Taaziya 
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mourning ceremony, shiite commemoration of Ashur 
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Transcortical lead therapy 
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"shot in the head" a joke among doctors that pertains to the treatment of Hmong patients 
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Txiv neeh
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Shaman in Hmong culture 
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Unilineal decent group
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system of determining descent groups in which one belongs to father or mother's lines, traced exclusively through ancestors 
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Unilinear evolution 
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19th C evolutionary theory - all human societies evolving from simple hunting & gathering along one track
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Age of Discovery 
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discovery of the new world, seen as the most basic and oldest form of anthropology (but crude form w/o participant observation)
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Biocultural 
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Idea that humans are never 100% biological, cultural components to all sides of humanity  
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Franz Boas
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one of the founders of anthropology who worked in NW USA with native communities 
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Colonialism
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control of a larger nation over a country or people, seen as the handmaiden of anthropology because many saw ANTH back then as civilizing the wild people 
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Dialectical 
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back and forth between two things (not totally sure about this one?)
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isomorphic
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similarities in symbolic or social relationships
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sapir hytpothesos
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people who speak different languages, live in different worlds
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shaman
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essentially a spiritual healer but seen as more than just a doctor - can be a trusted and respected member of society
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culture bound syndrome
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illness or effect that you have to think about in terms of your culture
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