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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Anthropology
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Study of origins and social relationships of human beings.
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What is Holism?
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Anth is a holistic discipline.
Looks at whole spectrum and integrates all aspects into one. Living nature is seen in terms of interacting wholes. |
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What are the 3 Primary themes of anthropology?
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1. Holistic in perspective
2. Broad in scope 3. Comparative (Time & Space) |
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Describe the 4 Subdisciplines of anthro
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1. Physical Anth (biological anth)
2. Cultural anth (modern human social behavior) 3. Arcaeology (cultures and people of the past) 4. Linguistics (symbolic form of comm, language) |
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Explain concept of culture
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corporates all aspects of life
is learned patterns of behavior so its diff for everyone. ex: individualistic vs collectivist cultures |
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What is ethnocentrism?
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The belief that ones own group is superior.
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What is cultural relativism?
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Individual's beliefs and activities should be understood and looked at in terms of their culture.
understanding the ways of other cultures and not judging these practices even if different from your own cultural ways/practices |
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History of Evolutionary thought
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?
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Explain Lamarck's theory/contributions
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proposed one of the first themes of evolution: if you understand an environment you can understand/predict how the animal will behave.
Mechanism= explains change by "every species has a will." Problem with mech= you cant observe will & it accounts for change which means possibility of extinction and last means they can aquire a characteristic to pass on to offspring |
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Inheritance of acquired characteristics
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Explain Darwin's theory/contributions
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Theory & Mechanism for Change= Natural Selection: survival of the fittest, variety in population(we will never all be the same), inheritance(traits from parents passed to offspring)
could never explain inheritance because he died after discovery of genes |
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Explain Wallace's theory/contributions
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co discoverer of natural selection
natural selection could contribute to speciation by encouraging the development of barriers against hybridization. convinced darwin to publish his work |
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Explain Huxley's theory/contributions
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Darwins bulldog and advocate his darwins theory of evolution
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Explain natural selection
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Darwin
1. Population (survival of the fittest) 2. Variation (variety of all species, all never be the same) 3. Inheritance (traits from parents passed to offspring) |
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Explain Malthus theory/contribution
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In Darwins natural selection Malthus created 1. Population- principle population, survival of the fittest
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What is Bergmans rule?
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body mass increases with latitude and colder environments.
those with lower ratio of surface area to volume radiate heat less and therefore can stand cooler climates |
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What is Allens law?
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warm blooded animals usually have shorter limbs than equivalent animals from other climates.
mechanism- growth of cartilage partly dependent on temp |
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What is adaptive behavior?
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can adapt behavior in new environments therefore changing neg/unconstructive behavior to something more constructive/beneficial
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Describe fast vs slow reproduction rates
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fast=males (quantity) has lots of sperm , ready to reproduce anywhere from 5 min-hour
slow=females (quality) . gestation 9mo lactation 3-4 yrs, out of reprod pool for about 4-5 years |
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Explain competition: aggression vs ornamentation
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the more males have to compete aggressively, the more sexual dimorphism, the more orientation.
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