Ansc 107 Part 9- Nutrients And Feedstuffs

Front 1

feed

Back 1

any material, after ingestion by the animal, is capable of being digested, absorbed, and utilized. not all feed is utilized

Front 2

components of animal feeds

Back 2

water, dry matter (inorganic matter- minerals, organic matter- carbs, lipids, protein, vitamins)

Front 3

under heat stress, animals need ________% more water

Back 3

50-100%

Front 4

5 factors affecting water intake

Back 4

temp., feed type, pasture, water quality, stage of production

Front 5

protein contains

Back 5

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Front 6

structure of proteins

Back 6

composed of amino acids

Front 7

lipids

Back 7

fats that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Front 8

differences between saturated and unsaturated fat

Back 8

saturated- no double bonds between carbons, solid at room temperature.
unsaturated- liquid at room temperature, double bonds

Front 9

___ has a higher energy density than other nutrients

Back 9

fat

Front 10

gross energy of fat

Back 10

9.45 kcal/g

Front 11

gross energy of carbs

Back 11

4.2 kcal/g

Front 12

gross energy of protein

Back 12

5.65 kcal/g

Front 13

volatile fatty acids

Back 13

end product of carb digestion in the ruminant. produced by microbial fermentation. odiferous

Front 14

carbs are formed by what?

Back 14

photosynthesis in plants

Front 15

3 examples of complex carbs

Back 15

cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin

Front 16

4 fat-soluble vitamins

Back 16

A D E K

Front 17

2 water-soluble vitamins

Back 17

B (there are 9) and C

Front 18

where is vitamin A found and what happens if there's a deficiency?

Back 18

green leafy forages. night blindness

Front 19

where was vitamin D thought to come from? and what's the purpose?

Back 19

sunlight. enhance intestinal absorption, mobilization and retention of Ca and P in the body

Front 20

purpose of vitamin E

Back 20

tocopherols, intra and inter muscular antioxidants, protects against phagocytosis and associated byproducts

Front 21

purpose and source of vitamin K

Back 21

normal blood clotting. sources are leafy green plants

Front 22

source and purpose of thiamin

Back 22

vit B1 is found in whole grains and starchy roots. coenzyme A is needed in Krebs cycle

Front 23

7 macro minerals

Back 23

calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, chlorine

Front 24

mature animals need ______ oz/day of salt

Back 24

.25-.50 oz/day

Front 25

forages are high in ___ and low in ___

Back 25

high in Ca and low in P

Front 26

what is the ratio of Ca and P needed?

Back 26

2:1 Ca:P

Front 27

purpose of magnesium

Back 27

skeletal maintenance and enzyme systems

Front 28

requirement of magnesium in diet (%)

Back 28

.15%

Front 29

magnesium deficiency

Back 29

caused by grass tetany. lush pastures with fast growing forage. cause low blood Mg. signs are convulsions, salivation, and frothing at mouth

Front 30

purpose of potassium

Back 30

intramuscular fluids, osmotic pressure

Front 31

low potassium causes ____________

Back 31

listnessness and stiffness

Front 32

grazing animals rarely have potassium problem unless ___________

Back 32

grazing mature or droughty forages

Front 33

most potassium problem seen in __________

Back 33

feeding areas

Front 34

sulfur is needed most in _______________

Back 34

wool-producing animals

Front 35

people thought _____ was a good insect repellant

Back 35

sulfur

Front 36

sulfur can be toxic if given over _________%

Back 36

.4%

Front 37

9 micro minerals

Back 37

iron, iodine, manganese, copper, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, selenium, chromium

Front 38

purpose of iodine

Back 38

synthesis of thyroid hormones

Front 39

iodine deficiency

Back 39

goiter (swelling of jaw. weak lambs are born without wool as well)

Front 40

sheep need ________ ppm of iodine

Back 40

.10-.80 ppm

Front 41

_________ areas of US are low in iodine

Back 41

northeast

Front 42

purpose of copper

Back 42

nervous system, pigmentation of skin

Front 43

deficiency of copper

Back 43

red hair

Front 44

over ____ ppm copper will kill sheep

Back 44

20 ppm

Front 45

purpose of iron

Back 45

blood

Front 46

iron deficiency

Back 46

heavy parasite load, early weaned lambs

Front 47

pigs are ____________ so iron must be injected

Back 47

raised on concrete

Front 48

the only micro mineral regulated by the USDA

Back 48

selenium

Front 49

purpose of selenium

Back 49

cardiac and skeletal muscle function, early embryonic development, and tooth development. goes hand in hand with vitamin E

Front 50

over ___ ppm selenium can be toxic

Back 50

3 ppm

Front 51

roughages are ____ in energy and ____ in fiber

Back 51

low in energy and high in fiber. also variable in protein content

Front 52

_______, a roughage, is high in protein

Back 52

alfalfa

Front 53

carbonaceous concentrates have _____ energy and ____ fiber

Back 53

high energy and low fiber. also low protein

Front 54

_____ is #1 feed (carbonaceous concentrate)

Back 54

corn

Front 55

proteinaceous concentrates have _________% protein

Back 55

greater than 20%

Front 56

what is the #2 feed? (proteinaceous concentrate)

Back 56

soybean meal

Front 57

6 proteinaceous concentrates that come from plant matter

Back 57

soybean meal, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, peanut meal, corn gluten meal, brewers dried grains

Front 58

3 proteinaceous concentrates that come from animal matter

Back 58

meat and bone meal, blood meal, dried whey

Front 59

urea and biuret have _____% nitrogen

Back 59

46% nitrogen

Front 60

ruminants need ____% protein

Back 60

281%

Front 61

______ is an insect growth regulator

Back 61

rabon

Front 62

cattle prefer roughages (3) in this order

Back 62

grass, forbes, browse