Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
6 reasons to synchronize estrus
|
scheduled calving, more heats per breeding season, problem cows are IDed, early conception, increased heifer management, facilitates the use of AI
|
|
|
3 methods of estrous synchronization
|
gonadotropins, prostaglandins, progestins
|
|
|
use gonadotropins on ____________
|
mature females
|
|
|
use prostaglandins on __________________
|
cycling females
|
|
|
use progestins on ________________ (3)
|
prepuberal heifers, postpartum or anestrous females
|
|
|
MGA (melengesterol acetate)
|
a progesterone feed additive developed to suppress heat in feedlot heifers
|
|
|
prostaglandins
|
cause the regression of the corpus luteum. will only work on cycling females
|
|
|
CIDRs
|
controlled intervaginal drug release. a progesterone insert commonly used to synch estrus in herds. effective even in noncycling heifers. slowly releases progesterone over a 7 day period. removed after 7 days. cows will show heat 24-48 hours after removal
|
|
|
8 signs of estrus
|
stands to be mounted by other animals. persistent trailing of other animals. licking other animals, nervous and restless behavior. red and swollen vulva. mounting other animals. clear mucus discharge- not bloody. stand in sexually active groups
|
|
|
6 examples of estrus detection aids
|
heatwatch. k-mar. bovine beacon. estrus alert. paint stick. gomer bull
|
|
|
heatwatch
|
expensive electronic patch
|
|
|
k-mar
|
patch with tube that breaks under 500 lbs of pressure. contents make patch turn red
|
|
|
paint stick
|
cheapest and most used method
|
|
|
gomer bull
|
male is best detection method
|
|
|
proper heat detection is ________
|
critical
|
|
|
AI
|
artificial insemination. involves placing semen into repro tract of female by artificial techniques
|
|
|
AI permits more extensive use of outstanding sires. a sire may produce up to _____________ units (straws) of semen a week
|
1000 units (straws)
|
|
|
advantages of AI
|
genetic improvement. disease control. improved record keeping. eliminates need for keeping bulls
|
|
|
disadvantages of AI
|
time required to detect estrus. % of cows in estrus during breeding season. trained personnel required. overuse of inferior sires
|
|
|
semen of bulls, stallions, and rams is collected in ________
|
artificial vaginas
|
|
|
after collection, semen is evaluated for ____________________
|
volume, sperm concentration, motility, and abnormalties
|
|
|
after evaluation, semen is then ________________, ________________, and _____________
|
diluted with an "extender", packaged in plastic straws, and frozen in liquid nitrogen
|
|
|
before AI can be done, ________ must be successfully completed
|
heat detection
|
|
|
rectocervical
|
method of cow AI. manipulation of cervix (with hand in rectum) over insemination gun
|
|
|
cervical
|
method of pig AI. introduction of the spirette with a counter-clockwise rotation into the cervix
|
|
|
vaginocervical
|
method of horse AI. introduction of the insemination gun into the cervix via the vagina.
|
|
|
laparoscopy
|
method of sheep AI. surgical introduction of semen directly into uterine horns
|
|
|
speculum
|
method of deer or goat AI. tube-like instrument that spans vulva and posterior vagina allowing for visual inspection of os cervix
|
