Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Two-main types of beef operations
*bonus: third type |
Cow-calf, Feedlot
*stocker-broker |
|
|
What are the reproductive performance goals for the highest economic impact?
|
85% calf-crop weaned, <365 day calving rate, 90 day calving season
|
|
|
Weaning weight depends on:
|
Milking ability of cow, mothering ability of cow, growth rate of calf
|
|
|
What is feed efficiency?
|
The amount of feed it takes to produce 1lb of live weight
|
|
|
What is carcass merit?
|
Quality Grade; yield grade
|
|
|
Where is longevity the most important trait?
|
Cows
|
|
|
Conformation is:
|
Subjective
|
|
what breed is this?
|
Angus
|
|
|
Where is angus breed from?
|
Scotland
|
|
|
Name three positive traits of Angus
|
1) maternal, marbling, moderately sized
*most popular breed |
|
|
Hereford
|
|
|
Where is this breed from?
|
England
|
|
|
What are three positive traits?
|
1) Longevity, docile, range cattle
*sunburns easily |
|
|
Simmental
|
|
|
Where is this breed from?
|
Switzerland
|
|
|
Two traits about simmental:
|
Maternal, growth
|
|
|
Limousin
|
|
|
Where is this breed from?
|
France
|
|
|
Three positive traits:
|
Rate of gain, feed efficiency, growth traits
|
|
|
Charolais cattle
|
|
|
Where is this breed from?
|
France
|
|
|
Three positive traits?
|
Growth rate, muscular, feed effiency
|
|
|
Short horn
|
|
|
Where did short horn originate?
|
England
|
|
|
Three traits of shorthorn:
|
can roan, docile, milking ability
|
|
|
Brahman
|
|
|
Where are brahman from?
|
United States/India
|
|
|
Three positive traits:
|
heat tolerant, parasite resistant, maternal
|
|
|
Brangus
|
|
|
Where from?
|
United States
|
|
|
Three traits of brangus?
|
Early maturing, Muscular, heat tolerant
*3/8 brahman 5/8 angus |
|
|
Cowcalf nutrition
|
Most important: TDN
Creep-feed, Growth implants (ralgro) grazing |
|
|
Stocker Yearling nutrition
|
Forage
beware shipping stress |
|
|
Feedlot nutrition
|
1/3 cost
rapid gain growth stimulents (rumensin) corn (high energy) based diet |
|
|
Holstein
|
|
|
Three things about holsteins:
|
1500 lbs, average milk production is 20k lbs, avg. milk fat 3.65
#1 |
|
|
Jersey
|
|
|
Three topics about jersey cows;
|
1000lbs, avg. milk production: 14k lbs, milk fat 4.65%
#2 |
|
|
Brown Swiss
|
|
|
Three facts about brown swiss:
|
avg weight: 1400lbs, average milk prod: 16klbs, avg milk fat: 4.06%
|
|
|
Aryshire
|
|
|
Facts about Ayrshire
|
Avg, weight: 1200 lbs, milk production;15k lbs, avg milk fat 3.89%
|
|
|
Guernsey
|
|
|
Facts about Guernsey
|
weight: 1100 lbs, average milk production: 14k, average milk fat 4.49%
|
|
|
What is Dairy type?
|
Frame, dairy character, body capacity, feet &legs, udder
|
|
|
What are three types of facilities for dairy cattle?
|
free stall, tie stall, dry lot
|
|
|
Types of milking parlors?
|
Herring bone, Parallel, Rotary
|
|
|
How are dairy cows bred?
|
90% AI
|
|
|
Does crossbreeding work in the dairy industry?
|
No. There's no reason to crossbreed
|
|
|
How long should cows be dry?
|
40-60 days
|
|
|
What is the difference between fresh and pre-fresh?
|
pre-fresh, close to calving
fresh, just calved |
|
|
Increasing 1lb at peak will do what:
|
Yield 220lbs+ more
|
|
|
What does a purebred sheep producer do?
|
Close herds, focus on genetics, sell rams
|
|
|
What does a commercial lamb breeder focus on?
|
Ewes and lambs, weaning lambs at 60-70 days, creep feed, .7 lbs ADG, sell lambs at 90lbs
|
|
|
Commercial feed lot producers focus on:
|
.5-.8 ADG, 130lb market weight
|
|
|
What are the three sheep breeds?
|
Ewe breeds (white faced), Ram breeds (black faced), and duel purpose breeds
|
|
|
Rambouillet
Medium growth rate and muscling |
|
|
Corridale
Medium growth rate and muscling |
|
|
Suffolk
very high growth rate, high muscling |
|
|
hampshire
|
|
|
Dorset
duel-breed, medium growth rate and muscling |
|
|
Columbia
duel purpose:high growth rate, medium muscling USA |
|
|
What does it mean that sheep are long vs. short day breeders?
|
They cycle during short days and dont cycle in the summer
|
|
|
Types of breeding systems:
|
2&3 breed rotational,
terminal (most popular) |
|
|
What can we do to increase a lamb's nutrition?
|
Creep feed
|
|
|
In the pig industry, what are the four production steps?
|
breeding, farrowing, nursing, finish
|
|
|
How many days are from farrowing to weaning?
|
21 days
|
|
|
What are the swine operations?
|
farrow to finish, farrow to feeder, feeder pig finisher, seedstock
|
|
|
What is the best reflection on productivity?
|
# pigs born, litter weight at 21 days
|
|
|
What does PSE stand for?
|
pale, soft, exudative
|
|
|
What does PSS stand for?
|
porcine stress syndrome
|
|
|
What pig breed has a high growth rate?
|
Duroc
|
|
|
Which pig breed requires you to ear notch?
|
Hampshire
|
|
|
What are the swine mating systems?
|
3&4 breed rotation, terminal
|
|
|
Yorkshire
|
|
|
Landrace
|
|
|
Duroc
|
|
|
Hampshire
|
|
|
How are pigs bred?
|
70%
|
