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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what ligament holds everything in place in the female reproductive system
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broad ligament
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an egg is built where
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in ovaries
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what structure catches the egg and transports it to oviduct
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infundibulum
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where does the fertilization of an egg occur
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upper 1/3 of the oviduct
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where does the fetus develop and grow
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uterine horn
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in AI, where is semen released? why?
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mouth of uterus so that the semen can go down both left and right uterine horns
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what seals off the uterus and protects the fetus from pathogens
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cervical plug
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what is the most challenging part of AI
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passing the rod through the cervix
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The AI speculum should be pointed UP or DOWN? why?
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up so they enter the vagina rather than the bladder
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What is the 'S' figure that extends the penis out of the body for mating
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sigmoid flexure
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what lubricates and cleans passageway of sperm, and adds fluid to the sperm
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accessory glands
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what 3 things make up the accessory glands
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seminal vesicles, prostate gland, cowpers gland
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the muscle that pulls the penis back into the body after ejaculation
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retractor muscle
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what produces testosterone and is the space between the seminiferous tubes
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interstitial cells
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what hormone affects a males libido
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testosterone
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where is sperm produced
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seminiferous tubules
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what collects sperm from seminiferous tubules and transports it to the epididymis (like a pvc pipe)
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rete testis
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where is sperm stored
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tail of epididymis
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sperm producing ability of a bull is indicated by what
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bulging tail of the epididymis
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what muscle raises and lowers testicles to keep them 9 degrees below normal body temperature
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cremaster muscle
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the greater the scrotal circumference...
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higher the sperm count, sex drive, and daughters will reach puberty sooner
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most accurate way of recording heat
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heat watch system
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what is the average success rate of embryo transfer
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60%
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EVALUATION STANDARDS: minimum concentration
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350x 10^6 ml
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EVALUATION STANDARDS:
minimum volume |
6 ml
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EVALUATION STANDARDS:
minimum motility |
65%
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EVALUATION STANDARDS:
minimum morphology |
70% normal
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site of fertilization in female
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upper 1/3 of oviduct
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site for growth and development of fetus
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unterine horn
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structure of testes responsible for producing sperm
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seminiferous tubules
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how long after standing heat is the best time to AI? what is the rule called
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12 hours (AM/PM rule)
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difference between estrus and estrous
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esturs- heat
estrous- cycle from one heat to the next |
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gomer bulls and scouter bulls are used to do what
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detect cows in heat
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how long is the estrous cycle
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21 days
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how do you store sperm and freeze an embryo
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in liquid nitrogen (-325 degrees)
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what is the first milk that contains antibodies
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colostrum
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most practical way to determine pregnancy
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palpate
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average age of transplanted embryo is how many days
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7
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what is added to semen as a food source and prevents ice crystals (cryoprotectant)
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glycerol
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muscle in the spermatic chord
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cremaster muscle
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hormone that initiates heat
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estrogen
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what makes estrogen
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follicle
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hormone that causes rupture of follicle which releases the housed ovum
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luteinizing hormone (LH)
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hormone that causes follicle to grow (from the anterior pituitary)
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FSH
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hormone that causes CL to dissolve
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prostiglandin
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what makes progesterone
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CL
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hormone that tells female she is pregnant
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progesterone
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how long can frozen semen live
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indeffinitely
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how long can an embryo live at room temperature
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48 hrs
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how many days is the gestation period
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283 days
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what % of a straw of semen will survive the thawing process
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50%
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highest quality/quantity to get semen
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AV- artificial vagina
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in palpation, what part of the reproductive system in a female do you feel to determine pregnancy
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uterine horn
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most serious abnormal birth
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upside down breech
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what is a SAG
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sexually active group
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what do estrous synchronization product do
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stop progesterone and allows for the release of FSH
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how many days do you give FSH shots for super ovulation
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4 days
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semen is packed in what
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french straw
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causes milk let down and contraction
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oxytocin
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1st recorded AI was in what year and what animal
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1780- cocker spaniel
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in AI where is semen deposited
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mouth of uterus
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CIDRS are used for what
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synchronizing heat
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what animal was used in the first embryo transfer
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rabbits
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the action or process of giving birth
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parturition
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FSH does what in males
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starts sperm production
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FSH does what in females
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starts follicle
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what dissolves CL (stops progesterone production) common product is LUTALYSE
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prostiglandin
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what hormone causes dialation
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relaxin
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what hormone maintains pregnancy
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progesterone
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LH in males does what
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starts testosterone
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LH in females does what
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starts ovulation
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