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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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simple
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only one layer of cells
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Stratified
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Many layers of cells, that withstand wear & tear
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Squamous
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Thin, flat plates that form lining of cavities-mouth, blood vessels, heart & lungs & outer layers of skin
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Cuboidal
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Cuboidal in shape, lines the kidney tubules & ducts of glands
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Columnar
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Forms linings of stomach & intestines. Some specialised for sensory reception-nose & taste buds
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Ciliated
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Posses fine hair like outgrowths (cilia) They are capable of rapid, rhythmic beatings
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Glandular
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Columnar & Cuboidal cells become specialised gland cells. Enzymes, hormones, milk, mucus, sweat, wax & saliva can be secreted
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Artery
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-Outer layer made up of tough fibres
-Middle layer made up of muscle & elastic fibres -Lining made up of one layer of cells |
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Artery functions
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-Carries blood under high pressure from heart
-Runs deep in body |
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Capillary
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Made up of a cell wall one layer thick & permeable
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Capillary functions
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-Exchange site between blood & body cells
-Provides surface area for this exchange |
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Vein
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-Outer layer made up of tough fibres
-Middle layer made up of muscle & elastic fibres -Lining made up of one cell thick -Valve flaps are present in large veins |
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Vein functions
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-Returns blood to heart
-Can store large volumes of blood -Ensures flow in correct direct even when "uphill" |
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Cardiac Cycle
Diastole: Ventricles relaxed |
-Atria & ventricles are relaxed & atrioventricular valves are open
-Deoxygenated blood from superior & inferior vena cava flows into right atrium -Open atrioventricular valves allow blood to pass through ventricles -Right atrium empires its content into right ventricle -Tricuspid valve prevents blood from flowing back into right atrium |
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Cardiac Cycle
Systole: Ventricles contract |
-Right ventricle contracts
-Atrioventricular valves close & semilunar valves open -Oxygenated blood is pumped into pulmonary artery -Pulmonary valve prevents blood from flowing back into right ventricle -Pulmonary artery carries blood to lungs. Blood picks up oxygen & is returned to left atrium of the heart by pulmonary veins |
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Respiratory system
Inspiration (When breathing in) |
-Intercostal Muscles between ribs contract, pulling chest walls
-Diaphragm muscle below lungs contracts & flattens, increasing chest size -Lungs increase in size, pressure inside falls, causing air to rush in through nose or month |
