Animal Science 1, Exam 3

Front 1

What does interstitial tissue do?

Back 1

produces testosterone which gives male characteristics

Front 2

What do the seminiferous tubules do?

Back 2

The site where spermatogenesis occurs

Front 3

What are the functions of the scrotum?

Back 3

houses and protects the testicles, and regulates temperature of testicles usually 3 to 13 degrees (F) lower than body temperature

Front 4

What is unilateral cryptorchidism?

Back 4

One testicle does not descend from the inguinal canal

Front 5

What is bilateral cryptorchidism?

Back 5

When neither testicle descends from the inguinal canal

Front 6

What are the functions of the epididymis?

Back 6

storage of sperm cells, provision of maturation space for sperm cells, and nutrition of sperm cells through secreted substances

Front 7

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Back 7

Carries sperm cells and substances from the epididymis to the urethra

Front 8

What is the enlarged portion of the vas deferens called?

Back 8

ampulla

Front 9

What are the accessory sex glands?

Back 9

seminal vesicle, prostate, and Bulbo-urethral glands

Front 10

What are the functions of the accessory sex glands?

Back 10

secreting nutrients, secreting buffers, and secreting substances to cleanse and lubricate urethra

Front 11

What is the sigmoid flexure?

Back 11

a retractable muscle

Front 12

Where are the ovaries located in mammals?

Back 12

Just back of the kidneys

Front 13

What is the function of the ovaries?

Back 13

Oogenesis

Front 14

What hormones do the ovaries produce?

Back 14

estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin

Front 15

Where does fertilization occur in mammals?

Back 15

the oviduct

Front 16

What are the functions of the uterus?

Back 16

Sperm movement, nourishment (uterine milk), attachment and nourishment of fetus via placenta, and contractions force fully developed fetus to outside

Front 17

Which ovary is the only one functional in birds?

Back 17

the left ovary

Front 18

What part of the oviduct secretes the chalaziferous layer and vitelline membrane?

Back 18

Infundibulum

Front 19

What part of the oviduct secretes most of the albumen layers?

Back 19

Magnum

Front 20

What part of the oviduct secretes the inner and outer shell membranes?

Back 20

Isthmus

Front 21

What part of the oviduct secretes the shell?

Back 21

Shell gland

Front 22

What are the functions of the vagina in a bird?

Back 22

Secretes substances that act as the cuticle, also has crypts to catch sperm cells and store them

Front 23

Where is the semen deposited in swine and horses?

Back 23

The uterus

Front 24

Where is semen deposited in most animals including cattle, sheep, and goats.

Back 24

The vagina

Front 25

Where is semen deposited in birds?

Back 25

Cloaca

Front 26

What is the acrosome?

Back 26

On the head of the sperm cell contains genetic material

Front 27

What is capacitation?

Back 27

When the acrosome becomes activated and is able to penetrate the eggs outer covering

Front 28

What is the egg's outer covering called?

Back 28

Zona pellucida

Front 29

What does the yolk sac do?

Back 29

Provides early nutrients (uterine milk) and degenerates after a few days

Front 30

What is the amnion?

Back 30

A sac that surrounds the fetus, filled with fluid, protects the fetus and absorbs shock, and does not fuse with anything else

Front 31

What is the chorion?

Back 31

surrounds the amnion sac

Front 32

What is the allantois?

Back 32

As the yolk sac degenerates, the allantois takes on the function of absorbing nutrients

Front 33

What is the allantochorion?

Back 33

The allantois and chorion membranes fuse together and attach to the uterine lining

Front 34

When does implantation occur?

Back 34

When the allantochorion attaches to the uterus

Front 35

What is the placenta?

Back 35

The exchange organ between the mother and embryo that allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste.

Front 36

What is a diffuse placenta?

Back 36

The entire surface of the allantochorion attaches to the uterus (ex. sow, mare)

Front 37

What is the Cotyledonary placenta?

Back 37

Attachment of the allantochorion takes place in specialized areas (ex. ewe, goat, cow)

Front 38

What two components make up the placentome?

Back 38

The cotyledon(allantochorion) and the caruncle (uterine wall)

Front 39

What is gestation?

Back 39

Time period from conception, until parturition

Front 40

What is relaxin?

Back 40

From ovary helps relax cartilage and ligaments in pelvis

Front 41

What is oxytocin?

Back 41

From posterior pituitary gland and causes uterine contractions

Front 42

What does Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) do in the male mammal?

Back 42

Stimulates spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules

Front 43

What does the Luteinizing hormone (LH) do in the mammalian male?

Back 43

stimulates testosterone produced by interstitial tissue

Front 44

What does GnRH do in the mammalian male?

Back 44

tells anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH

Front 45

What does FSH do in the mammalian female?

Back 45

Stimulates development of graafian follicles and estrogen period

Front 46

What does LH do in the mammalian female?

Back 46

triggers ovulation and stimulates the growth and development of the corpus luteum

Front 47

What does estrogen do in the mammalian female?

Back 47

causes sexual excitability

Front 48

What does progesterone do in the mammalian female?

Back 48

maintains pregnancy

Front 49

What happens during proestrus?

Back 49

follicles developing on the ovary; estrogen is increasing

Front 50

What happens during estrus?

Back 50

receptive to the male; high estrogen levels; surge of LH

Front 51

What happens during metestrus?

Back 51

Corpus Luteum (CL) is forming and begins to produce progesterone

Front 52

What happens during diestrus?

Back 52

Functioning corpus luteum producing lots of progesterone

Front 53

What does cortisol do?

Back 53

Signals the beginning of parturition