Anesthesia

Front 1

CELLULITIS

Back 1

A diffuse erythematous submucosal or subcutaneous infection .

Front 2

ABSCESS

Back 2

A thick - walled containing pus .

Front 3

" A PHLEGMON "

Back 3

is the diffuse pus formation without demarcation .

Front 4

Causes Of Oral Infections I

Back 4

ı - Odontogenic Causes

Il - Traumatic Causes

III - Chemical Causes -

IV General Systemic Diseases

Front 5

Odontogenic Causes

Back 5

1 - Periapical infection from non vital tooth or roots

2- Deep periodontal pockets

3- Pericoronitis

4 - Infected dental cysts

5- Odontogenic tumors

Front 6

Traumatic Causes

Back 6

1.use of surgical burs :

2.Pressure type of anesthesia.

3.Compound fracture of the jaw

Front 7

Chemical Causes

Back 7

arsenic used for pulp mummification

Front 8

General Systemic Diseases

Back 8

1- Blood dyscrasias

2- Uncontrolled diabetes

3- Nutritional disorders

4- Endocrine disturbances

5- Malignancies

6 - Immunological disorders

Front 9

Fate Of Oral Infections

Back 9

1.Resolution

2.Fluctuation

3.Extension

4.Chronicity

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Propagation Of Dental Infections

Back 10

1.by direct continuity.

2.Through lymphatic vessels.

3.By the the veins .

Front 11

diagnosis of abscess formation

Back 11

1 .Cardinal symptoms of inflammation .

2. Fluctuation & localization .

3. Identification of the causative agent

Front 12

pericoronitis

definition

type

Back 12

It is the inflammation of soft tissues covering the crown of partially erupted or unerupted tooth .

It is most common around the mandibular 3rd molars .

1. Infancy & childhood .

2. Young adulthood .

3. Old Age .

Front 13

Treatment of pericoronitis

Back 13

conservative

odontectomy

operculectomy

Front 14

Advantages of removing operculum by electroscalpel :

Back 14

1. minimal trauma .

2.minimal bleeding during operation.

3.Risk of spread of infection is minimal .

4. minimal post - operative pain & discomfort .

Front 15

complications & spread the infection may spread to :

Back 15

Posteriorly

parapharyngeal & spaces Pterygomandibular

Lateral > Para Submasseteric space

Downward Submandibular space

Front 16

causes of

acute dento alveolar abscess

Back 16

1- Necrotic pulp of a dead tooth or root .

2- Deep periodontal pockets

3- By blood stream

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shows the classic signs of inflammation :

Back 17

1.Swelling

2.dolor

3.Calor

4.Rubor

5.Functio laesa

6.Fluctuation

Front 18

Types of Acute Dentoalveolar Abscess

Back 18

1- Acute dentoalveolar abscess without soft tissue involvement ( Early stage ) .

2- Acute dentoalveolar abscess with soft tissue involvement ( Late stage ) .

Front 19

natural progression of odontogenic infections etiology

Back 19

1. Periapical : as a result of pulpal necrosis ( most common ) .

2. Periodontal : as a result of a deep periodontal pocket.

3 - Extension of infection from adjacent infected tooth .

4 - Hematogenous ; i.e. through the blood stream in patients with bacteremia or septicemia .

Front 20

The location of the infection from a specific tooth is determined by the following 2 major factors :

Back 20

1- The thickness of the bone overlying the apex of the tooth &

2- The relationship of the site of perforation of the bone to muscle attachments of the parmaxilla & the mandible .

Front 21

►If the infection has eroded through the labial to the aspect INFERIOR attachment of the buccinator muscle , it will lead to infection that appears as

Back 21

vestibular abscess

Front 22

If the infection has eroded SUPERIOR to the attachment of the buccinator muscle it appears as an infection of the

Back 22

buccal space

Front 23

Early stage of... acute deno

definition

Back 23

it is suppurative type of inflammation involving primarily the Atooth & its alveolar bone .

Front 24

signs and symptoms of acute dento alveolar abscess سؤال سابق

Back 24

1- Elongation of the tooth.

2- Severe tenderness of the tooth to touch and during mastication .

3 . " throbbing " pain.

4 - general symptoms of inflammation .

5 - Lymphadenitis .

Front 25

TREATMENT

AIM OF TREATMENT :

of Early stage

Back 25

1. Draining the mass of pus at the periapiacl tissues .

2. Removal of the cause of infection .

3.Raising body resistance & helping it to overcome the invading organisms .

Front 26

signs & symptoms Late stage

Back 26

1- Dull pain :

2 Soft tissue swelling.

3 - Facial cellulitis .

4 - The skin over the region is tender to palpation , tense , hard , red & hot .

5 - General symptoms of inflammation .

6- lymphadenitis .

Front 27

aims of treatment of early and late stage

Back 27

1.Evacuation of the Emprisoned pus

2 - Extraction of the causative tooth

3- Adequate antibiotic therapy .

Front 28

Fascial space Infections

Maxillary Spaces ►

Mandibular spaces

Back 28

Maxillary Spaces

1- Base of upper lip

2 - canine fossa

3. Buccal space

4.Palatal space

5.Postzygomatic & infratemporal space

Mandibular spaces

1 - Pterygomandibular

2 - Submandibular

3 - Sublingual

4 - Submental

5 - Submasseteric

6 - Parapharyngeal

7 - Parotid

Front 29

1- Abscess of Base Of Upper Lip

Causes :

clinical signs & symptoms:

D. D

Back 29

سبب بـ Infection from upper Incisors

1- Edema & cellulitis of the upper lip unilateral bilateral.

2- swelling of the entire lip .

3- Swelling of the side of the nose and lower eyelid

1- Congenital:

3 - hypersenstivity:

2- Traumatic:

4- Benign neoplasms or cysts

Front 30

canine fossa

caused by

Back 30

infection from upper canine and premoler

Front 31

treatment of abscess of the upper lip & canine fossa

+buccal space

+palatal space

+infra temporal space

Back 31

1 - Incision & drainage :

2 - Removal of the cause :

نفسهم غير

period of drainage ما تفوتش تلاته ايام

Front 32

3 - Abscess of the Buccal space

Causes

clincal signs

Back 32

Spread of infection from the upper molars .

1- Moderate swelling of the cheek .

2- ( gum boil ) .

3- Submaxillary and intratemporal spaces may be Affected ,

Front 33

Palatal space Causes

Back 33

1- caused from infected lateral incisor because it has a curved root .

2 - Periodontal abscess from a palatal pocket .

3 - Apical abscess from palatal root of multirooted teeth .

Front 34

4.abscess of infratemporal space

caused by

Back 34

1 - Pericoronal infection of the mandibular 3rd molar Infection space .

2 - Infection of maxillary teeth buccinator muscle .

Front 35

Clinical signs

of

infra temporal space

Back 35

1- Severe pain aggravated by opening duo Involvement of temporalis & medial pterygold muscles .

2- Deviation of the jaw toward the affected side

3.Difficulty in swallowing .

4 - Swelling of the eyelids

5- Trismus.

6- fever malaise

7- Headacke , irritability , vomiting

8 - Neck stiffness

Front 36

2. submandibular space

caused by

Back 36

1- Infection from lower molars particularly the 3rd molar and the 2nd molar

2- Fracture of the angle of the mandible .

3- Backward extension from submental space or sublingual space .

4 Lymphatic spread from submandibular lymph nodes .

Front 37

1.pterygomandibular space

caused by

سؤال سابق

Back 37

1.infection from lower molar

2.infection from upper molar

3. contaminated needle during IAN B

4.contaminated needle during posterior superior alveolar n injection

Front 38

3. sublingual space

caused

Back 38

-Odontogenic infection from

lower incisors , canine or premolars

Front 39

4 - Submental space

Causes

Back 39

1-Odontogenic infection from lower anterior and premolars below the myelohyoid muscle .

2-Lymphatic spread from submental lymph nodes .

Front 40

5-sub masseteric space

caused by

Back 40

1- Infected lower molar particularly 3rd molar

2- Fracture ramus of the mandible .

Front 41

5 - Parapharyngeal space ★

♠Causes

ممكن سؤال حسب رايي

Back 41

1- infection around a lower 3d molar ( eg pericoronitis )

2 - Backward sprea submandibular or sublingual space infections .

3 - Posterior spreading of infection from Pterygomandibular space .

4 - Downward spreading of infection from Infratemporal space to Pterygomandibular space to parapharyngeal space .

Front 42

♜ludwing's angina

definition

and signs and symptoms

Back 42

It is a diffuse facial cellulitis of the submental sublingual & submandibular spaces bilaterally .

1.massive hard facial swelling

2.patients has open mouth.

3.tongue is raised from mouth.

4.difficult to speech and saliva run from mouth

5.general sever symptoms

6.difficult to respiration

7.dehydration&tired

8.suffocation and death may occur.

Front 43

Treatment

ludwing s angina

Back 43

1- Hospitalization:

a - Dehydration control

b- Massive antibiotics

c - Tracheostomy

d - Extraoral hot application

2- Incision & Drainage:

3- Postoperative care:

Front 44

osteomylitis

definition

Back 44

It is the inflammation of bone produced by pyogenic organisms

It involves the cancellous bone ,

bone marrow

blood vessels & the fibroblastic tissue to the periosteum

the cortical bone

Front 45

Etiology of osteomylitis

Back 45

1 - Odontogenic causes

2- Traumatic causes

3- Chemical causes

4- Following radiation therapy

5 - Haematogenous infections

Front 46

1- Odontogenic causes

of osteomylitis

Back 46

1.Periapical infection >

2.Pericoronal infection

3.Periodontal infection

4.Infection from odontogenic cyst or tumors

5.Residual infection

6.Dry socket

Front 47

Osteomyelitis It is more common in the mandible then in maxilla because

Back 47

1- Less blood supply

2.Dense cortical plate & wide spongiosa

3.More exposed to trauma

Front 48

- The sequestrum of osteomyelitis are characterized by :

Back 48

Hard

Rough

Porous

Lighter in color

Due to the deposition of calcium

Front 49

treatment of osteomylitis

Back 49

1- Massive effective antibiotics

2- Complete bed rest

3- General supportive therapy

4- Incision & drainage

5- Sequestrectomy.

6- Saucerization

7- Decorticetomy

8- Remodelling of the jaw bones

Front 50

♕Garre's Osteomyelitis

definition

treatment

Back 50

It is a peripheral periosteal bone apposition caused by mild irritation and infection .

remove caustive factor

extraction ir RCT

Front 51

treatment of

1.chronic periapical abscess

2.periapical granuloma

Back 51

RCT منغير apicectomy

extraction of tooth

RCT مع apicectomy and curettageextraction of tooth

Front 52

apicectomy

indication

contraindications

Back 52

it is surgical removal Of pathologically the root apex and tight closure root canal or canals .

1- Periapical pathological lesion .

2- Perforations of root apex

3- Breakage of a file in apical area

4- Fracture of root apex

1- Deep periodontal pockets and

2.extensive mobility

3.- Approximation of the apex to the maxillary sinus or inferior alveolar canal .ك

4- Patient with a systemic disease

Front 53

Odontogenic Infections Of The Maxillary Sinus

Back 53

1- Maxillary Sinusitis

a- Acute b- Chronic

2- Mucus - Retention Phenomenon

3- Oroantral Communications

4- Neoplastic & Cystic lesions